Cell Metabolism, volume 31, issue 3, pages 472-492
AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control.
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2020-03-03
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Physiology
Abstract
The AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) and TOR (target-of-rapamycin) pathways are interlinked, opposing signaling pathways involved in sensing availability of nutrients and energy and regulation of cell growth. AMPK (Yin, or the "dark side") is switched on by lack of energy or nutrients and inhibits cell growth, while TOR (Yang, or the "bright side") is switched on by nutrient availability and promotes cell growth. Genes encoding the AMPK and TOR complexes are found in almost all eukaryotes, suggesting that these pathways arose very early during eukaryotic evolution. During the development of multicellularity, an additional tier of cell-extrinsic growth control arose that is mediated by growth factors, but these often act by modulating nutrient uptake so that AMPK and TOR remain the underlying regulators of cellular growth control. In this review, we discuss the evolution, structure, and regulation of the AMPK and TOR pathways and the complex mechanisms by which they interact.
Citations by journals
5
10
15
20
25
|
|
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
21 publications, 5.06%
|
Nature Communications
|
Nature Communications
10 publications, 2.41%
|
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
8 publications, 1.93%
|
Frontiers in Immunology
|
Frontiers in Immunology
6 publications, 1.45%
|
Journal of Experimental Botany
|
Journal of Experimental Botany
6 publications, 1.45%
|
Biomolecules
|
Biomolecules
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Cells
|
Cells
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
|
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
5 publications, 1.2%
|
iScience
|
iScience
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Journal of Biological Chemistry
|
Journal of Biological Chemistry
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
|
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
5 publications, 1.2%
|
eLife
|
eLife
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Frontiers in Physiology
|
Frontiers in Physiology
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Cell Reports
|
Cell Reports
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Cellular Signalling
|
Cellular Signalling
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Genes
|
Genes
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|
Frontiers in Endocrinology
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Frontiers in Pharmacology
|
Frontiers in Pharmacology
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Molecular Cell
|
Molecular Cell
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Science
|
Science
3 publications, 0.72%
|
New Phytologist
|
New Phytologist
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Science advances
|
Science advances
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Antioxidants and Redox Signaling
|
Antioxidants and Redox Signaling
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Biochemical Journal
|
Biochemical Journal
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Frontiers in Genetics
|
Frontiers in Genetics
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Nature Metabolism
|
Nature Metabolism
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Biomedicines
|
Biomedicines
2 publications, 0.48%
|
5
10
15
20
25
|
Citations by publishers
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
|
|
Elsevier
|
Elsevier
90 publications, 21.69%
|
Springer Nature
|
Springer Nature
68 publications, 16.39%
|
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
|
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
47 publications, 11.33%
|
Frontiers Media S.A.
|
Frontiers Media S.A.
36 publications, 8.67%
|
Wiley
|
Wiley
30 publications, 7.23%
|
Oxford University Press
|
Oxford University Press
10 publications, 2.41%
|
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
6 publications, 1.45%
|
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
|
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
6 publications, 1.45%
|
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
|
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
5 publications, 1.2%
|
American Chemical Society (ACS)
|
American Chemical Society (ACS)
5 publications, 1.2%
|
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)
|
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)
5 publications, 1.2%
|
eLife Sciences Publications
|
eLife Sciences Publications
4 publications, 0.96%
|
The Company of Biologists
|
The Company of Biologists
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Portland Press
|
Portland Press
4 publications, 0.96%
|
SAGE
|
SAGE
4 publications, 0.96%
|
Bentham Science
|
Bentham Science
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
|
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Taylor & Francis
|
Taylor & Francis
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Dove Medical Press
|
Dove Medical Press
3 publications, 0.72%
|
American Physiological Society
|
American Physiological Society
3 publications, 0.72%
|
Bioscientifica
|
Bioscientifica
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Mary Ann Liebert
|
Mary Ann Liebert
2 publications, 0.48%
|
The Royal Society
|
The Royal Society
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Higher Education Press
|
Higher Education Press
2 publications, 0.48%
|
KeAi Communications Co.
|
KeAi Communications Co.
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Wolters Kluwer Health
|
Wolters Kluwer Health
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Pleiades Publishing
|
Pleiades Publishing
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Hindawi Limited
|
Hindawi Limited
2 publications, 0.48%
|
Rockefeller University Press
|
Rockefeller University Press
2 publications, 0.48%
|
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
|
- We do not take into account publications that without a DOI.
- Statistics recalculated only for publications connected to researchers, organizations and labs registered on the platform.
- Statistics recalculated weekly.
{"yearsCitations":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":[2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"ids":[0,0,0,0,0],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["","","","",""],"datasets":[{"label":"Citations number","data":[27,96,137,127,27],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":["6.51","23.13","33.01","30.6","6.51"],"barThickness":null}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"x","maintainAspectRatio":true,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":1,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Citations per year","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"journals":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences","Nature Communications","Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","Frontiers in Immunology","Journal of Experimental Botany","Biomolecules","Cells","Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","iScience","Journal of Biological Chemistry","Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","eLife","Frontiers in Physiology","Cell Reports","Cellular Signalling","Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine","Genes","Frontiers in Endocrinology","Frontiers in Pharmacology","Molecular Cell","Science","New Phytologist","Science advances","Antioxidants and Redox Signaling","Biochemical Journal","Frontiers in Genetics","Nature Metabolism","Biomedicines"],"ids":[14627,3231,12128,1699,24056,13780,25293,10186,6073,19451,18687,306,24138,15670,9130,5839,15083,8879,19896,9788,19820,7711,17783,23003,5732,15459,13242,8778,24421],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/yNSijlgQghQF53VZuyFLA30CKDe4j3HK74Vtpnxa_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/OuA6WPZekwEiUM99mP2pSqj4yHPxHezM6xgLhAjO_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/mxFdPe9qujsfvfYfcN0QOclAiYORFb0xrRlwV8gs_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/eIZgkq1MRZyJ3hBkdupnUUv7wgB6zCl9D99SlPN5_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/bRyGpdm98BkAUYiK1YFNpl5Z7hPu6Gd87gbIeuG3_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/s10mcsCV4OAUg9O2KrqOquQC0PhyLMI8hUUkuflM_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/bRyGpdm98BkAUYiK1YFNpl5Z7hPu6Gd87gbIeuG3_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/s10mcsCV4OAUg9O2KrqOquQC0PhyLMI8hUUkuflM_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/Zy5YST233rzRbZP24I24MzZm64hz20ZV9qQopmMn_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/nUqNrP9GnM1t0BrAIXp1LBodjU8aIJ2Fk4pLfGhZ_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp"],"datasets":[{"label":"","data":[21,10,8,6,6,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,4,4,4,4,4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,2,2,2,2,2],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":[5.06,2.41,1.93,1.45,1.45,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.2,0.96,0.96,0.96,0.96,0.96,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48],"barThickness":13}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"y","maintainAspectRatio":false,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":null,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Journals","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"publishers":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":["Elsevier","Springer Nature","Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","Frontiers Media S.A.","Wiley","Oxford University Press","American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","American Chemical Society (ACS)","Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)","eLife Sciences Publications","The Company of Biologists","Portland Press","SAGE","Bentham Science","Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","Taylor & Francis","Dove Medical Press","American Physiological Society","Bioscientifica","Mary Ann Liebert","The Royal Society","Higher Education Press","KeAi Communications Co.","Wolters Kluwer Health","Pleiades Publishing","Hindawi Limited","Rockefeller University Press"],"ids":[17,8,202,208,11,19,2090,189,344,40,162,6627,872,801,31,39,123,18,417,166,7773,230,259,321,326,32,101,6921,22],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/4QWA67eqfcfyOiA8Wk7YnqroHFqQbTsmDJUYTCTg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/bRyGpdm98BkAUYiK1YFNpl5Z7hPu6Gd87gbIeuG3_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/yNSijlgQghQF53VZuyFLA30CKDe4j3HK74Vtpnxa_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/OuA6WPZekwEiUM99mP2pSqj4yHPxHezM6xgLhAjO_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/s10mcsCV4OAUg9O2KrqOquQC0PhyLMI8hUUkuflM_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/PRGhlgB4OKRltSNtT39eA6wlnOTGRap1QQ6FQHih_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/mxFdPe9qujsfvfYfcN0QOclAiYORFb0xrRlwV8gs_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/eIZgkq1MRZyJ3hBkdupnUUv7wgB6zCl9D99SlPN5_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/ko5EaisKGm66J1hHXtfEgVEeeWb9uOcMofpNuf0a_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/nUqNrP9GnM1t0BrAIXp1LBodjU8aIJ2Fk4pLfGhZ_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/ruydfaB80LDjlkYqsfOeUAZohOIODyq7bQzis5O7_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/doUaFUZdxUEQjLi1TwZjGHi8HXYNWWSk04dSC6Xh_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/5YZtvLvkPZuc2JHOaZsjCvGSHFCuC3drUwN3YAc5_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/wVWp6zaxUsMdR03dYMdOZoesUrVGtNMWkHKByIvT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/eZQGZ1aBN8Xm8Yr5YG7nBeNQtWLPrca5SfDreLbq_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/gI2YSALZRdW7QrL82nSGMnE18gGeSacV0cvz6ORd_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/Zy5YST233rzRbZP24I24MzZm64hz20ZV9qQopmMn_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/BHBStD1OkQqtKFRRjS5njgNe7bXCAEgaDQVK7GTA_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/fzjeYAS7sc3p4k3vIdQIac4L4J6MUyfSbYzJSIAv_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/jeWDR7NTA9Ab5MVz8Uqjl2RPCndzFjSyl0FaRAHg_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/6QE8LXWrLpkoy5A2te6hw7who46GeCoTYIstuoAz_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/oZgeErrVFhuDksyqFURLvYS1wtVSBWczh001igGo_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/hqfzhQAjTGlNSRs6yzFNITgjSMm9Jr2QuotJHIvE_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/lEA1FyUnFAZR1DchuczZi5bjAixG3TNeWVz6oF4R_medium.webp"],"datasets":[{"label":"","data":[90,68,47,36,30,10,6,6,5,5,5,4,4,4,4,3,3,3,3,3,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":[21.69,16.39,11.33,8.67,7.23,2.41,1.45,1.45,1.2,1.2,1.2,0.96,0.96,0.96,0.96,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.72,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48,0.48],"barThickness":13}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"y","maintainAspectRatio":false,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":null,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Publishers","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}}}
Metrics
Cite this
GOST |
RIS |
BibTex |
MLA
Cite this
GOST
Copy
González A. et al. AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control. // Cell Metabolism. 2020. Vol. 31. No. 3. pp. 472-492.
GOST all authors (up to 50)
Copy
González A., Hall M. N., Lin S., Hardie D. R. AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control. // Cell Metabolism. 2020. Vol. 31. No. 3. pp. 472-492.
Cite this
RIS
Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.01.015
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2020.01.015
TI - AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control.
T2 - Cell Metabolism
AU - González, Asier
AU - Hall, Michael N.
AU - Lin, Shu-Yong
AU - Hardie, David R.
PY - 2020
DA - 2020/03/03 00:00:00
PB - Elsevier
SP - 472-492
IS - 3
VL - 31
SN - 1550-4131
ER -
Cite this
BibTex
Copy
@article{2020_González,
author = {Asier González and Michael N. Hall and Shu-Yong Lin and David R. Hardie},
title = {AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control.},
journal = {Cell Metabolism},
year = {2020},
volume = {31},
publisher = {Elsevier},
month = {mar},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2020.01.015},
number = {3},
pages = {472--492},
doi = {10.1016/j.cmet.2020.01.015}
}
Cite this
MLA
Copy
González, Asier, et al. “AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control..” Cell Metabolism, vol. 31, no. 3, Mar. 2020, pp. 472-492. https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2020.01.015.