Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, volume 22, issue 4, pages 283-298

Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization

Ci Lim C. C. W. 1, 2, 3
Cech Thomas R. 2, 3, 4
1
 
Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
2
 
Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
3
 
Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
4
 
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2021-02-09
Quartile SCImago
Q1
Quartile WOS
Q1
Impact factor112.7
ISSN14710072, 14710080
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Abstract
The regulation of telomere length in mammals is crucial for chromosome end-capping and thus for maintaining genome stability and cellular lifespan. This process requires coordination between telomeric protein complexes and the ribonucleoprotein telomerase, which extends the telomeric DNA. Telomeric proteins modulate telomere architecture, recruit telomerase to accessible telomeres and orchestrate the conversion of the newly synthesized telomeric single-stranded DNA tail into double-stranded DNA. Dysfunctional telomere maintenance leads to telomere shortening, which causes human diseases including bone marrow failure, premature ageing and cancer. Recent studies provide new insights into telomerase-related interactions (the ‘telomere replisome’) and reveal new challenges for future telomere structural biology endeavours owing to the dynamic nature of telomere architecture and the great number of structures that telomeres form. In this Review, we discuss recently determined structures of the shelterin and CTC1–STN1–TEN1 (CST) complexes, how they may participate in the regulation of telomere replication and chromosome end-capping, and how disease-causing mutations in their encoding genes may affect specific functions. Major outstanding questions in the field include how all of the telomere components assemble relative to each other and how the switching between different telomere structures is achieved. Recently determined structures of the telomere maintenance protein complexes shelterin and CST shed new light on the regulation of telomere DNA replication and chromosome end-capping, and on how disease-causing mutations in their encoding genes may affect their functions.

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Ci Lim C. et al. Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization // Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2021. Vol. 22. No. 4. pp. 283-298.
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Ci Lim C., Cech T. R. Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization // Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2021. Vol. 22. No. 4. pp. 283-298.
RIS |
Cite this
RIS Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.1038/s41580-021-00328-y
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41580-021-00328-y
TI - Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization
T2 - Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
AU - Ci Lim, C. C. W.
AU - Cech, Thomas R.
PY - 2021
DA - 2021/02/09 00:00:00
PB - Springer Nature
SP - 283-298
IS - 4
VL - 22
PMID - 33564154
SN - 1471-0072
SN - 1471-0080
ER -
BibTex |
Cite this
BibTex Copy
@article{2021_Ci Lim
author = {C. C. W. Ci Lim and Thomas R. Cech},
title = {Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization},
journal = {Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology},
year = {2021},
volume = {22},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
month = {feb},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41580-021-00328-y},
number = {4},
pages = {283--298},
doi = {10.1038/s41580-021-00328-y}
}
MLA
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MLA Copy
Ci Lim, C. C. W., et al. “Shaping human telomeres: from shelterin and CST complexes to telomeric chromatin organization.” Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 22, no. 4, Feb. 2021, pp. 283-298. https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41580-021-00328-y.
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