Open Access

JAMA Pediatrics

, volume 173 , issue 6 , pages e190337

Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017

Robert C. Reiner ^{1, 2}

Helen Elizabeth Olsen ¹

Chad Thomas Ikeda ¹

Michelle M Echko ¹

Katherine E Ballestreros ¹

Helen Manguerra ¹

Ira Martopullo ¹

Anoushka Millear ¹

Chloe Shields ¹

Alison Smith ¹

Bryan Strub ¹

Molla Abebe ³

Zegeye Abebe ⁴

Beyene Meressa Adhena ⁵

Tara Ballav Adhikari ^{6, 7}

Mohammed Akibu ⁸

Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi ⁹

Nelson Alvis-Guzman ^{10, 11}

Carl Abelardo T Antonio ^{12, 13}

Olatunde Aremu ¹⁴

Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom ¹⁵

Netsanet Abera Asseffa ¹⁶

Leticia Avila Burgos ¹⁷

Aleksandra Barac ^{18, 19}

Till W. Bärnighausen ^{20, 21}

Quique Bassat ^{22, 23}

Isabela M. Bensenor ²⁴

Zulfiqar A. Bhutta ^{25, 26}

Ali Bijani ²⁷

Nigus Bililign ²⁸

Lucero Cahuana Hurtado ¹⁷

Deborah Carvalho Malta ²⁹

Jung‐Chen Chang ³⁰

Fiona J Charlson ^{31, 32}

Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne ^{1, 33}

David Teye Doku ^{34, 35}

Dumessa Edessa ³⁶

Ziad El Khatib ³⁷

Holly E. Erskine ^{31, 38}

Alize J Ferrari ^{31, 38}

Nancy Fullman ¹

Rahul Gupta ^{39, 40}

Hamid Yimam Hassen ^{41, 42}

Simon I. Hay ^{1, 2}

Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ⁴³

Kathryn H. Jacobsen ⁴⁴

Amaha Kahsay ⁴⁵

Amir Kasaeian ^{46, 47}

Tesfaye Dessale Kassa ⁴⁸

Seifu Kebede ⁴⁹

Yousef Saleh Khader ⁵⁰

Ejaz Ahmad Khan ⁵¹

Mohammed Nuruzzaman Khan ^{52, 53}

Young-Ho Khang ^{54, 55}

Jagdish Khubchandani ⁵⁶

Yohannes Kinfu ^{57, 58}

Sonali Kochhar ^{32, 59}

Yoshihiro Kokubo ⁶⁰

Ai Koyanagi ⁶¹

Barthelemy Kuate Defo ^{62, 63}

Dharmesh Kumar Lal ⁶⁴

Fekede Asefa Kumsa ^{65, 66}

Heidi J. Larson ^{1, 67}

Janni Leung ⁶⁸

Abdullah A. Mamun ⁶⁹

Suresh Mehata ⁷⁰

Mulugeta Melku ⁷¹

Walter Mendoza ⁷²

Haftay Berhane Mezgebe ⁷³

Ted R. Miller ^{74, 75}

Nurilign Abebe Moges ⁷⁶

Shafiu Mohammed ^{20, 77}

Ali H. Mokdad ^{1, 2}

Lorenzo Monasta ⁷⁸

Subas Neupane ⁷⁹

Huong Lan Thi Nguyen ⁸⁰

Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum ^{81, 82}

Yirga Legesse Nirayo ⁴⁸

Vuong Minh Nong ⁸⁰

Felix Akpojene Ogbo ⁸³

Andrew T Olagunju ^{84, 85}

Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya ⁸⁶

Jacob Olusegun Olusanya ⁸⁶

George C. Patton ^{87, 88}

David M Pereira ^{89, 90}

Farshad Pourmalek ⁹¹

Mostafa Qorbani ⁹²

Anwar Rafay ⁹³

Rajesh Kumar Rai ^{94, 95}

Usha Ram ⁹⁶

Chhabi Lal Ranabhat ⁹⁷

Andre M N Renzaho ⁹⁸

Mohammad Sadegh Rezai ⁹⁹

Luca Ronfani ⁷⁸

Gregory A. Roth ^{1, 100}

Saeid Safiri ¹⁰¹

Benn Sartorius ¹⁰²

James G. Scott ^{31, 103}

Katya Anne Shackelford ¹

Karen Sliwa ¹⁰⁴

Chandrashekhar Sreeramareddy ¹⁰⁵

Muawiyyah Bable Sufiyan ¹⁰⁶

Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi ^{107, 108}

Roman Topor-Madry ^{109, 110}

Bach Xuan Tran ¹¹¹

Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja ¹¹²

Olalekan A Uthman ¹¹³

Stein Emil Vollset ^{1, 2}

Kidu Gidey Weldegwergs ⁴⁸

Andrea Werdecker ^{114, 115}

HARVEY A. WHITEFORD ^{1, 116}

Tissa Wijeratne ^{117, 118}

Naohiro Yonemoto ¹¹⁹

Marcel Yotebieng ^{120, 121}

Liesl J Zuhlke ^{104, 122}

Hmwe Hmwe Kyu ^{1, 2}

Mohsen Naghavi ^{1, 2}

Theo Vos ^{1, 2}

Christopher J. L. Murray ^{1, 2}

Nicholas J. Kassebaum ^{1, 123}

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 123 affiliations

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington |

Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle |

Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia |

⁴

Department of Human Nutrition, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia |

⁵

School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia |

⁶

Nepal Health Research Environment, Center for Social Science and Public Health Research Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal |

⁷

Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark |

⁸

Department of Midwifery, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia |

⁹

Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |

¹⁰

Research Group on Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia |

¹¹

Research Group on Hospital Management and Health Policies, University of the Coast, Barranquilla, Colombia |

¹²

Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines |

¹³

Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong |

¹⁴

School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom |

¹⁵

School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia |

¹⁶

School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Dofo, Ethiopia |

¹⁷

Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico |

¹⁸

Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia |

¹⁹

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia |

²⁰

Institute of Public Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany |

²¹

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts |

²²

Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain |

²³

Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Manhiça Health Research Center, Manhiça, Mozambique |

²⁴

Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil |

²⁵

The Centre for Global Child Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada |

²⁶

Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan |

²⁷

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran |

²⁸

Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia |

²⁹

Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil |

³⁰

College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan |

³¹

School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |

³²

Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle |

³³

Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka |

³⁴

Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana |

³⁵

Faculty of Social Sciences, Health sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland |

³⁶

School of Pharmacy, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia |

³⁷

Department of public health sciences, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |

³⁸

Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |

³⁹

West Virginia Bureau for Public Health, Charleston, West Virginia |

⁴⁰

Department of Health Policy, Management, and Leadership, West Virginia University, Morgantown |

⁴¹

Public Health Department, Mizan-Tepi University, Teppi, Ethiopia |

⁴²

Unit of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium |

⁴³

Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Liberia, Monrovia, Liberia |

⁴⁴

Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia |

⁴⁵

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia |

⁴⁶

Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |

⁴⁷

Hematologic Malignancies Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |

⁴⁸

Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia |

⁴⁹

Midwifery Program, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia |

⁵⁰

Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ramtha, Jordan |

⁵¹

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan |

⁵²

School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia |

⁵³

Department of Population Sciences, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh |

⁵⁴

Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea |

⁵⁵

Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea |

⁵⁶

Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana |

⁵⁷

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia |

⁵⁸

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |

⁵⁹

Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands |

⁶⁰

Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan |

⁶¹

Research and Development Unit, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona

⁶²

Department of Demography, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |

⁶³

Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |

⁶⁴

Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India |

⁶⁵

Center for Midwifery, Child, and Family Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |

⁶⁶

School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia |

⁶⁷

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom |

⁶⁸

Center for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia |

⁶⁹

Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |

⁷⁰

Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation, Ipas Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal |

⁷¹

Institute of public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia |

⁷²

Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru |

⁷³

Department of Pharmacy, Ethiopian Academy of Medical Science, Tigray, Ethiopia |

⁷⁴

Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland |

⁷⁵

School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia |

⁷⁶

Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia |

⁷⁷

Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria |

⁷⁸

Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy |

⁷⁹

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland |

⁸⁰

Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam |

⁸¹

Department of Public Health Science, State University of Semarang, Kota Semarang, Indonesia |

⁸²

Graduate Institute of Biomedical informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan |

⁸³

Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia |

⁸⁴

Department of Psychiatry,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia |

⁸⁵

Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria |

⁸⁶

Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria |

⁸⁷

Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |

⁸⁸

Population Health Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |

⁸⁹

Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Asociado do Química Verde, University of Porto, Oporto, Portugal

University of Porto

Rede de Química e Tecnologia

⁹⁰

Cartagena University, Cartagena, Colombia |

⁹¹

School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada |

⁹²

Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran |

⁹³

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan |

⁹⁴

Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India |

⁹⁵

Department of Economics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany |

⁹⁶

Department of Public Health and Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India |

⁹⁷

Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea |

⁹⁸

School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia |

⁹⁹

Department of Pediatrics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran |

¹⁰⁰

Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle |

¹⁰¹

Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran |

¹⁰²

Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa |

¹⁰³

Child and Youth Mental Health, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |

¹⁰⁴

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa |

¹⁰⁵

Division of Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |

¹⁰⁶

Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria |

¹⁰⁷

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville |

¹⁰⁸

Syrian Expatriate Medical Association, Charlottesville, Virginia |

¹⁰⁹

Institute for Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland |

¹¹⁰

Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Warszawa, Poland |

¹¹¹

Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam |

¹¹²

Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria |

¹¹³

Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom |

¹¹⁴

Demographic Change and Ageing Research Area, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany |

¹¹⁵

Independent Consultant, Staufenberg, Germany |

¹¹⁶

The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |

¹¹⁷

Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia |

¹¹⁸

Department of Psychology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |

¹¹⁹

Department of Psychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan |

¹²⁰

College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus |

¹²¹

School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo |

¹²²

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa |

¹²³

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2019-06-03

American Medical Association (AMA)

JAMA Pediatrics

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 5.085

CiteScore: 28.7

Impact factor: 18.0

ISSN: 21686203, 21686211

DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0337

Copy DOI

PubMed ID: 31034019

Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Abstract

Importance: Understanding causes and correlates of health loss among children and adolescents can identify areas of success, stagnation, and emerging threats and thereby facilitate effective improvement strategies. Objective: To estimate mortality and morbidity in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2017 by age and sex in 195 countries and territories. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study examined levels, trends, and spatiotemporal patterns of cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes using standardized approaches to data processing and statistical analysis. It also describes epidemiologic transitions by evaluating historical associations between disease indicators and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and fertility. Data collected from 1990 to 2017 on children and adolescents from birth through 19 years of age in 195 countries and territories were assessed. Data analysis occurred from January 2018 to August 2018. Exposures: Being under the age of 20 years between 1990 and 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Death and disability. All-cause and cause-specific deaths, disability-adjusted life years, years of life lost, and years of life lived with disability. Results: Child and adolescent deaths decreased 51.7% from 13.77 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 13.60-13.93 million) in 1990 to 6.64 million (95% UI, 6.44-6.87 million) in 2017, but in 2017, aggregate disability increased 4.7% to a total of 145 million (95% UI, 107-190 million) years lived with disability globally. Progress was uneven, and inequity increased, with low-SDI and low-middle-SDI locations experiencing 82.2% (95% UI, 81.6%-82.9%) of deaths, up from 70.9% (95% UI, 70.4%-71.4%) in 1990. The leading disaggregated causes of disability-adjusted life years in 2017 in the low-SDI quintile were neonatal disorders, lower respiratory infections, diarrhea, malaria, and congenital birth defects, whereas neonatal disorders, congenital birth defects, headache, dermatitis, and anxiety were highest-ranked in the high-SDI quintile. Conclusions and Relevance: Mortality reductions over this 27-year period mean that children are more likely than ever to reach their 20th birthdays. The concomitant expansion of nonfatal health loss and epidemiological transition in children and adolescents, especially in low-SDI and middle-SDI countries, has the potential to increase already overburdened health systems, will affect the human capital potential of societies, and may influence the trajectory of socioeconomic development. Continued monitoring of child and adolescent health loss is crucial to sustain the progress of the past 27 years.

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147

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Reiner R. C. et al. Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017 // JAMA Pediatrics. 2019. Vol. 173. No. 6. p. e190337.

GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy

Reiner R. C. et al. Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017 // JAMA Pediatrics. 2019. Vol. 173. No. 6. p. e190337.

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BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy

@article{2019_Reiner,

author = {Robert C. Reiner and Helen Elizabeth Olsen and Chad Thomas Ikeda and Michelle M Echko and Katherine E Ballestreros and Helen Manguerra and Ira Martopullo and Anoushka Millear and Chloe Shields and Alison Smith and Bryan Strub and Molla Abebe and Zegeye Abebe and Beyene Meressa Adhena and Tara Ballav Adhikari and Mohammed Akibu and Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi and Nelson Alvis-Guzman and Carl Abelardo T Antonio and Olatunde Aremu and Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom and Netsanet Abera Asseffa and Leticia Avila Burgos and Aleksandra Barac and Till W. Bärnighausen and Quique Bassat and Isabela M. Bensenor and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta and Ali Bijani and Nigus Bililign and Lucero Cahuana Hurtado and Deborah Carvalho Malta and Jung‐Chen Chang and Fiona J Charlson and Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne and David Teye Doku and Dumessa Edessa and Ziad El Khatib and Holly E. Erskine and Alize J Ferrari and Nancy Fullman and Rahul Gupta and Hamid Yimam Hassen and Simon I. Hay and Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi and Kathryn H. Jacobsen and Amaha Kahsay and Amir Kasaeian and Tesfaye Dessale Kassa and Seifu Kebede and others},

title = {Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017},

journal = {JAMA Pediatrics},

year = {2019},

volume = {173},

publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},

month = {jun},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0337},

number = {6},

pages = {e190337},

doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0337}

}

MLA

Cite this

MLA Copy

Reiner, Robert C., et al. “Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017.” JAMA Pediatrics, vol. 173, no. 6, Jun. 2019, p. e190337. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0337.

Publisher

American Medical Association (AMA)

Journal

JAMA Pediatrics

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

5.085

CiteScore

28.7

Impact factor

18.0

ISSN

21686203 (Print)

21686211 (Electronic)