2DMaterials for Nonlinear Optical Limiting

The development of efficient optical limiters to protect the human eyes and optoelectronic sensors is of great importance. Under this context, optical limiting based on the third-order nonlinearity has become one promising strategy. This chapter reviews the representative two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, transition metal sulfide and black phosphorus for laser protection. We start with the introduction of typical nonlinear optical limiting mechanism including reverse saturable absorption (RSA), two-photon absorption/multiphoton absorption (TPA/MPA), and free carrier absorption (FCA). Then, we give detailed examples of 2D materials for optical limiting. Besides graphene and analogs, the latest development of several novel 2D materials, as well as materials with new structures and optical limiting mechanisms like nonlinear photonic metamaterials, plasmonic effect-enhanced nonlinearity is emphasized. We provide our insights into the key scientific problems to be solved and future development trends for this intriguing field in the final part.