A Scalable Laser‐Centric Fabrication of an Epidermal Cardiopulmonary Patch

Recent advances in scalable fabrication methods based on printing technologies have improved the yield and lowered the cost of manufacturing epidermal sensors. However, modern technologies still require expensive multi-bio-ink raw materials. A laser-centric fabrication method that realizes a cost-effective, scalable, and streamlined fabrication process with easily used material and equipment is reported. The fabricated epidermal patch can quickly respond to the demands of personalized models. Here, the epidermal sensor patch is applied to continuous monitoring of the human cardiopulmonary system. The sensor performs conventional bio-signal monitoring but is also extendible to other monitoring forms. The patch provides enhanced functions through its gas-permeable and skin-adhesive microporous layer and its stretchable, conformal, and biocompatible multimodal sensing layer. The utility of the proposed sensor patch in clinical diagnosis in a mobile healthcare environment is demonstrated in multiple bio-signal-morphology analyses.