A Stretchable, Attachable, and Transparent Polyionic Ecological Skin for Robust Self‐Powered Interactive Sensing

ABSTRACT

Bioinspired energy‐autonomous interactive electronics are prevalent. However, self‐powered artificial skins are often challenging to be combined with excellent mechanical properties, optical transparency, autonomous attachability, and biocompatibility. Herein, a robust ecological polyionic skin (polyionic eco‐skin) based on triboelectric mechanism consisting of ethyl cellulose/waterborne polyurethane/Cu nanoparticles (EWC) green electroactive sensitive material and polyethylene oxide/waterborne polyurethane/phytic acid (PWP) polyionic current collector is proposed. The polyionic eco‐skin features sufficient stretchability (90%) and low Young's modulus (0.8 MPa) close to that of human soft tissue, high transparency (> 84% of transmission) in the visible light range, and broad static/dynamic adhesiveness, which endows it with strong adaptive implementation capacity in flexible curved electronics. More importantly, the self‐powered polyionic eco‐skin exhibits enhanced force‐electric conversion performance by coordinating the effect of nanoparticle‐polymer interfacial polarization and porous structure of sensitive material. Integrating multiple characteristics enables the polyionic eco‐skin to effectively convert biomechanical energy into electrical energy, supporting self‐powered functionality for itself and related circuits. Moreover, the eco‐skin can be utilized to construct an interactive system and realize the remote noncontact manipulation of targets. The polyionic eco‐skin holds tremendous application potential in self‐powered security systems, human–machine interaction interfaces, and bionic robots, which is expected to inject new vitality into a human–cyber–physical intelligence integration.