Construction of Coplanar Bicyclic Backbones for 1,2,4‐Triazole‐1,2,4‐Oxadiazole‐Derived Energetic Materials

An attractive precursor 3-(5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-amine (5) with coplanar bicyclic backbone was synthesized. Two nitrated products of 5 were prepared, and a series of nitrogen-rich energetic salts were obtained and systematically characterized. These 1,2,4-triazole-1,2,4-oxadiazole-derived energetic materials exhibited high combined nitrogen and oxygen content and outstanding enthalpies of formation along with good detonation performance and an acceptable safety profile. Among them, N-(5-(5-(nitramino)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)nitramide and its dihydroxylammonium salt were screened as the most balanced energetic materials.