Integrated Capture and Conversion of CO ₂ to Methane Using a Water‐lean, Post‐Combustion CO ₂ Capture Solvent

Integrated carbon capture and conversion of CO2 into materials (IC3 M) is an attractive solution to meet global energy demand, reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, and lower CO2 emissions. Herein, using a water-lean post-combustion capture solvent, [N-(2-ethoxyethyl)-3-morpholinopropan-1-amine] (2-EEMPA), >90 % conversion of captured CO2 to hydrocarbons, mostly methane, is achieved in the presence of a heterogenous Ru catalyst under relatively mild reaction conditions (170 °C and <15 bar H2 pressure). The catalytic performance was better in 2-EEMPA than in aqueous 5 m monoethanol amine (MEA). Operando nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study showed in situ formation of N-formamide intermediate, which underwent further hydrogenation to form methane and other higher hydrocarbons. Technoeconomic analyses (TEA) showed that the proposed integrated process can potentially improve the thermal efficiency by 5 % and reduce the total capital investment and minimum synthetic natural gas (SNG) selling price by 32 % and 12 %, respectively, compared to the conventional Sabatier process, highlighting the energetic and economic benefits of integrated capture and conversion. Methane derived from CO2 and renewable H2 sources is an attractive fuel, and it has great potential as a renewable hydrogen carrier as an environmentally responsible carbon capture and utilization approach.