Drone Collaboration Using OLSR Protocol in a FANET Network for Traffic Monitoring in a Smart City Environment

A Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET) is a new type of network derived from MANET, these networks use as nodes of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that can be equipped with positioning, vision, or other systems. Currently, they present some advantages such as collaborative work between UAVs improving efficiency compared to single UAV systems. FANET’s capacity to cover large geographical areas has already positioned it as one of the best alternatives for traffic monitoring and control in smart cities. On the other hand, these networks present some challenges and problems that must be considered at the time of their design. The analysis of these networks using two-dimensional models, in some cases propose the use of a UAV in a stationary way in a specific area. Therefore, in this work we propose the implementation of a 3D model, allowing to generate a realistic environment to the movement of a UAV, using the Gauss Markov mobility model evaluating Ad Hoc routing protocols OLSR, AODV and DSDV. For the analysis of the results, the Network Simulator version 3 (Ns-3) software is used to simulate a FANET network, evaluating the efficiency of the routing protocols. The results obtained from the simulation and implementation of the proposed network showed that the OLSR protocol presents better efficiency maximizing the scope of traffic monitoring. Finally, the FANET network with 4 heterogenous drones, allowed to improve the coverage of a larger geographical area with an adequate performance of the protocol making it suitable for remote traffic monitoring in a smart city environment.