Effect of Al Content on Hot-Tearing Susceptibility of Mg-10Zn-xAl Alloys

The hot-tearing susceptibility of Mg-10Zn-xAl (x = 0, 2, 5, and 7) alloys was studied using constrained rod casting installed with a load cell, thermocouple, and data-management system. Addition of Al content reduced the freezing range and increased the liquid fraction at the end of the primary stage of solidification, during the vulnerable period of alloy solidification. Eutectic healing was observed in alloys containing Al cast at a higher initial mold temperature due to near-equilibrium solidification. Grain refining was confirmed at the microstructural level due to addition of Al. The results also suggested that increasing Al content enabled hot-tearing resistance of Mg-10Zn alloy by facilitating liquid feed for the strain developed during the mid-stage of solidification (0.65Fs to 0.74Fs). Experimental results were compared with Pandat’s simulation results to predict the occurrence of hot tearing in Mg-10Zn-xAl alloys. This indicated that Pandat’s solidification curve could be used to determine the hot-tearing nature of Mg-Zn alloys. The recently proposed hot-tearing criteria of Kou and Clyne–Davie roughly agreed with the experimental results, but did not perfectly predict the influence of different casting conditions.