Geographical Engineering and Its Role in Promoting Integrated Geography Research

Throughout the contemporary Chinese history of geography, geographical engineering has consistently played a pivotal role as a fundamental scientific activity. It possesses its distinct ontological basis and value orientation, rendering it inseparable from being merely a derivative of geographical science or technology. This paper defines geographical engineering and introduces its development history through the lens of Chinese geographical engineering praxises. Furthermore, it is highlighted the logical and functional consistency between the theory of human-earth system and the praxis of geographical engineering. Six modern cases of geographical engineering projects are presented in detail to demonstrate the points and characteristics of different types of modern geographical engineering. Geographical engineering serves as an engine for promoting integrated geography research, and in response to the challenge posed by fragmented geographies, this paper advocates for an urgent revitalization of geographical engineering. The feasibility of revitalizing geographical engineering is guaranteed because it aligns with China’s national strategies.