Insights into synthesis, reactivity, and biological activity of N-isoindoline-1, 3-diones heterocycles: a systematic literature review

This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the synthesis, reactivity, and applications of N-isoindoline-1,3-dione heterocycles. These aromatic compounds, characterized by an isoindoline nucleus and carbonyl groups at positions 1 and 3, have gained significant attention for their potential use in diverse fields such as pharmaceutical synthesis, herbicides, colorants, dyes, polymer additives, organic synthesis, and photochromic materials. The review focuses on the period from 2015 to 2024, highlighting the diverse synthetic strategies employed to access N-isoindoline-1,3-diones derivatives. This review discusses the innovative methodologies and transformations that have enabled the efficient construction of these compounds with various substitution patterns. Furthermore, the reactivity of N-isoindoline-1,3-diones and their potential applications in different fields are explored. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding the structure–activity relationships and biological properties of N-isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives, with the aim of unlocking their potential as therapeutic agents. Additionally, the review underscores the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly synthetic approaches in this field.