Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Violence Among LGBTQ + Individuals: a Scoping Review

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health issue that harms both mental and physical health. Sexual and gender minority individuals are more vulnerable to this type of violence due to a history of marginalization, discrimination, and social stigma, which exacerbate the risks and barriers to seeking help. This study aims to map the literature for identifying factors linked to IPV in the LGBTQ + community. A Scope review was conducted by searching databases (Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo, Scielo, and Pepsic). A total of 143 articles met the final inclusion criteria. Through thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: “Characteristics of Articles on IPV among LGBTQ + Individuals,” “Presentation and Specifics of IPV among LGBTQ + Individuals,” and “Risk and Protective Factors for Different Types of IPV among LGBTQ + Individuals.” Results revealed a prevalence of US-based psychology research, with a focus on Western samples, limiting generalizability. Disproportionate rates of IPV were found among transgender and non-binary individuals, as well as bisexual individuals. Concealing minority identity and lack of professional training hindered identification and help-seeking. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the disproportionate risk of IPV in LGBTQ + populations as more intersectional research and expanded clinical guidelines are needed. Specific areas for future research include the impact of cultural differences on violence experiences and the development of targeted interventions for non-Western sexual and gender minority populations. Despite limitations, this scoping review provides valuable insights. By influencing existing clinical practices, this study underscores the importance of tailored support and comprehensive training for healthcare providers.