Materials and Synthesis of Organic Electrode

The ameliorating urge for energy in consonance with the descending environment and attenuation of natural resources leads to the development of alternate energy storage. Furthermore, they suffer few boundaries like a thermal runaway, safety concerns, high carbon footprint, cost, and less metal content. Those hurdles were the incentive for immense exploration to substitute the electrodes of inorganic with organic. The long cycle stability and rapid kinetics recommend their usage in power regulation, grid storage, and probably in hybrid electric vehicles. An organic electrode material depicts potential for electrochemical energy storage devices for structural diversity, high theoretical capacity, and flexibility. Organic disulfides, polymers of nitroxyl radical, carbonyl compounds conjugated, and conducting polymers are organic materials analyzed as electrode materials. Their compounds have been broadly explored as electrode materials for rapid redox kinetics, higher theoretical capacity, and structural diversity. Tetrahydroxyphenazine, tetraazopentacene, octahydroxytetraazapentacene, cyclic polyketones, triquinoyl are specific compounds for active activity electrode materials delineating higher charge and discharge attributes in aqueous ion batteries with higher theoretical specific capacity. Organic materials are plentiful, flexible, cost-effective, and their fabrication can yield minimal waste and high storage capabilities. There are dianhydrides, phthalocyanines, and quinones, poly(acetylene) was worked as a cathode material followed by many different conjugated polymers such as polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline. Redox and conducting polymers such as sulfur-containing polymers, carbonyl, and nitroxyl radical polymers possess several benefits: abundant resources, film-forming ability, versatile chemical structures, flexibility recyclability, and tunable redox properties all have conversed in this chapter.