An Urban Resilience Conceptual Framework: A Tool to Enhance City Planning

By 2050, the global urban population is projected to exceed 70%, necessitating substantial infrastructure upgrades and updated investments. However, rapid urbanization also exposes cities and their inhabitants to increased vulnerability from climate change and environmental degradation. Heatwaves, earthquakes, droughts, and floods have led to large-scale disasters, resulting in significant economic and human losses. Consequently, urban resilience has emerged as a crucial global concern, particularly in managing unexpected crises. This study examines international best practices in urban resilience principles, measurements, strategies, and actions employed in cities such as New York, Tokyo, Barcelona, Copenhagen, and Semarang. These cities have successfully responded to severe shocks or chronic pressures by implementing sustainable and efficient measures. By conducting an extensive examination of existing literature and best practices, this research presents an urban resilience conceptual framework that can serve as a valuable tool to support effective city planning.