Advances in organic transistor-based biosensors: from organic electrochemical transistors to electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors

AbstractOrganic electronics have, over the past two decades, developed into an exciting area of research and technology to replace classic inorganic semiconductors. Organic photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and thin-film transistors are already well developed and are currently being commercialized for a variety of applications. More recently, organic transistors have found new applications in the field of biosensors. The progress made in this direction is the topic of this review. Various configurations are presented, with their detection principle, and illustrated by examples from the literature. FigureElectrolyte-Gated OFET (EGOFET) architecture. EGOFETs differ from OFETs, as in OECTs, in that the gate is separated from the semiconductor by an electrolyte. This allows low voltage operation compared with OFETs gated via solid dielectrics. The red circle indicates the interface involved in the detection of biomolecules, when water is used as electrolyte.