Heterocyclic Inhibitors of Viroporins in the Design of Antiviral Compounds

Ion channels of viruses (viroporins) represent a common type of protein targets for drugs. The relative simplicity of channel architecture allows convenient computational modeling and enables virtual search for new inhibitors. In this review, we analyze the data published over the last 10 years on known ion channels of viruses that cause socially significant diseases. The effectiveness of inhibition by various types of heterocyclic compounds of the viroporins of influenza virus, hepatitis С virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomaviruses, coronaviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus is discussed. The presented material highlights the promise held by the search for heterocyclic antiviral compounds that act by inhibition of viroporins.