Hollow-core microstructured optical fibers and their applications for biosensing

This chapter provides an overview of the potential of hollow-core microstructured optical fibers (HC-MOFs) for various applications in photonics and focuses on types of HC-MOF based on the light propagation mechanism, their fabrication and functionalization, and sensing applications. The chapter reviews two types of light propagation mechanisms defined by the first inner wall thickness: photonic bandgap guiding and inhibited coupling guiding. The fabrication technology of HC-MOFs is discussed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches are explained. The role of surface functionalization in improving the sensing capabilities of HC-MOF sensors is also reviewed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the wide range of applications for liquid and gas sensing, express analysis of different types of drinks, carbon dioxide concentration monitoring, and measurements of refractive index and Raman scattering. The other application of HC-MOF is related to optoacoustic endoscopy tip as a sensitive part of minimally invasive optoacoustic probes. Overall, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of HC-MOFs, their working principles, fabrication methods, surface modification, and diverse applications, making it an essential resource for researchers specialized in biomedical applications of photonics interested in exploring the potential of HC-MOFs in various types of sensors that can be used for biomedical applications.