Unraveling precision exercise: A journey from efficacy to molecular insights

The swift acceleration of advances in precision medicine has attracted clinicians, health systems, and policymakers, thus leaving an indelible mark on the landscape of medical practice. The increasing acknowledgment of precision medicine shows the rise of a promising new field that can change medical practice and provide medical care. Simultaneously, there is an increasing interest in precision exercise, which refers to an approach in healthcare and fitness where exercise regimens are tailored to individual responses and characteristics. Precision exercise has evolved as a response to the understanding that individuals exhibit a wide range of responses to exercise regimens, attributed to genetic modifications and other biological factors. The purpose of this article is to offer a comprehensive evaluation of basic principles, methods, and practical applications of precision exercise. Additionally, exercise biomarkers serve as pivotal indicators, bridging biological mechanisms of exercise with overall health. These biomarkers offer insights into individual physiological responses, enabling the customization of exercise regimens to optimize health outcomes. Herein, this article underscores the transformative potential of precision exercise in revolutionizing personalized healthcare and customized exercise regimens, guided by the insights based on exercise biomarkers. As precision medicine continues to evolve, precision exercise stands at the forefront, thereby promising a future where medical and exercise interventions are uniquely customized for optimal health outcomes.