The immersion cooling technology: Current and future development in energy saving

The world's energy consumption shows an increasing trend. Unfortunately, it is still dominated by the use of fossil energy. This condition results in concerns that an energy crisis will occur due to running out of non-renewable energy and an environmental crisis of global warming. One of the technology sectors that consumes a lot of energy is computer servers and data centers. This technology sector is growing rapidly due to the increasingly complex computing and larger data. One of the main causes of inefficiency in this technology is a decrease in performance due to an increase in temperature. Therefore, effective and efficient technology is needed to overcome the increasing operating temperature of computer servers and data centers. One of the most prominent cooling technologies to solve this problem is immersion colling. This method has developed in various types with their respective advantages and disadvantages according to application needs. Therefore, review literature is needed to comprehensively discuss the development of immersion cooling technology from the past until now and projected developments in the future. In more detail, this paper comprehensively compiles the latest findings of immersion cooling technology which includes an overview of the cooling system, history, implementation, construction type, and advantages.