Preparation, Integration, and piezoresistive performance of MXene materials for multifunctional pressure sensor design

MXene materials have demonstrated significant potential in flexible pressure sensing applications owing to their unique two-dimensional layered structure, abundant surface functional groups, exceptional hydrophilicity, and outstanding electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical properties. MXene-based pressure sensors exhibit remarkable piezoresistive characteristics, including high sensitivity, broad detection range, rapid response, excellent anti-interference capability, and environmental compatibility, making them widely applicable in biomedicine, health monitoring, sports science, and human–machine interaction. However, prior systematic studies on MXene’s pressure-sensitive performance have predominantly focused on its synthesis methods or intrinsic properties, with limited exploration of the relationship between MXene composites, structural design, and sensing performance. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in MXene-based pressure sensors, providing an overview of MXene fundamentals and pressure sensor principles, with an emphasis on elucidating the interplay between structure, fabrication, and performance. Additionally, it highlights the application prospects of MXene pressure sensors in multiple cutting-edge fields from multiple perspectives, and addresses critical challenges in their scalable production and practical implementation, providing reference for future research to promote the widespread adoption of MXene materials in flexible sensing technology.