Graphene-regulated bidirectional modulation janus metamaterial for linear-to-circular polarization conversion

Janus multifunctional device is a hot topic in current research. Metamaterials are currently an effective way to achieve Janus property. In this paper, a bidirection modulated Janus metamaterial regulated by graphene is proposed. Such a device can split the incident electromagnetic wave (EMW) into a transmitted beam and a reflected beam, and at the same time, change the polarization state of the incident EMW from linear to circular. The modulation of the device by graphene exhibits the Janus property. When the EMW is incident from +z-direction, the regulation of graphene can shift the frequency band of polarization conversion. When EMWs are incident from −z-direction, amplitude control can be achieved by changing the conductivity of graphene. In addition, such design employs a frame structure optimized for minimal material use, reducing the windward area of the metamaterial and enhancing breathability. This work can be used for applications in the fields of communication, electromagnetic stealth and scenarios where need low wind resistance. All the results in this paper are obtained by finite element integration method.