A novel interval rough model for optimizing road network performance and safety

This paper introduces a novel Integrated Interval Rough Pivot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (IRN PIPRECIA) model combined with Interval Rough Combined Compromise Solution (IRN CoCoSo), marking a significant advancement in sustainable traffic flow management for commercial vehicles. This innovative merger is a first in literature, methodologically enhancing the evaluation of road sections based on critical parameters including passenger car equivalent (PCE) 85%, AADT, road conditions, and accident data. Our model systematically fills the research gap in holistic traffic performance analysis, providing a unique tool for prioritizing road safety and efficiency. The key scientific contribution is the model's ability to integrate causal and consequential traffic factors into a single framework, offering a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. Results, validated through various verification models, show the integrated model's effectiveness in real-world scenarios, confirming its robustness and stability. With strong engineering application potential, our work supports urban planners and traffic managers in making informed, sustainable decisions. The model extends beyond traditional traffic analysis, promising a shift towards more adaptive, data-driven infrastructure management. Future research will aim to refine the criteria basis and explore real-time decision-making through advanced MCDM applications.