A brief review on recent development of multidisciplinary engineering in fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

• Economic importance and ongoing biotech challenges have accelerated a merging of conventional fermentation with multidisciplinary engineering. • Integration of electrical and information engineering has improved the in-process monitor and control using novel probes. • Further engagement of electrochemical engineering has led to higher bioethanol yield and ongoing scale-up study. • New materials have been demonstrated, driving towards cost-effective and sustainable solutions. Fermentation technology has unprecedented potential to upgrade state-of-art biotechnology and refine the processes used in existing ones, taking into account of complex technical, economic and environmental factors. Given the economic importance and ongoing challenges of biotech sector, multidisciplinary engineering technologies is poised to become an increasingly important tool along with the emergence of modern technology and innovation. This article reviews recent technology advancement in the field of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Interesting research progress has been made by leveraging multiple engineering fields such as electrical engineering, information engineering, electrochemical engineering and new material development, leading to recent development of novel real-time probes (electronic nose technology, analysis of yeast morphology and metabolites, timely control of glucose feed), improved understanding of electro-fermentation (enhanced electronic transfer provision), as well as application of cost-effective and sustainable materials (bioreactor vessel manufactured from textile, and yeast immobilisation support matrix made from abundant natural biomass). To the best of our knowledge, the subject is reviewed for the first time in recent years. Furthermore, this review also constitutes a futuristic S. cerevisiae fermentation process based on the recent advancement discussed.