Investigations of the L-ornithinium dipicrate nonlinear optical material with an emphasis on very efficient second-harmonic generation in electro-optical and optoelectronic devices

Superior optical fineness and high SHG efficacy LODP crystals were grown using the solution growth approach, which involved slow cooling and slow evaporation methods. The fully developed organic LODP sample crystallized into a monoclinic structure with the noncentrosymmetric space group P21. Along the (1 3 1) track, the seed specimen was cut into pieces for the standard solution growth technique. A single crystal of huge size was completely produced using solubility data and a slow cooling procedure. X-ray diffraction studies on a single crystal were used to determine the unit cell's properties. The produced crystals were characterized using a wide range of techniques, including UV–Vis, dielectric, laser damage threshold (LDT), hardness, and HRXRD experiments to examine their physical and optical properties. The grown LODP largeness crystal has better crystalline fineness and fewer flaws, as exposed by HRXRD and etching studies. The UV–Visible analysis reveals that the SCST-produced LODP crystal has better optical properties than the SEST-grown crystal. When comparing the laser damage thresholds (LDT) of LODP crystals made using SEST and SCST, the latter are shown to be better. Microhardness studies carried out at various temperatures show that crystals grown using the SCST method have more mechanical stability than crystals grown using the SEST method. In contrast to SEST-generated crystals, dielectric dispersion is higher in fully developed SCST-technique crystals. Piezoelectric nature and relative Second Harmonic Generation (for different particle sizes) were also performed. For LODP crystals, third-order non-linear optical properties were obtained through the SEST and SCST techniques using a 632.8 nm He–Ne laser. The powder X-ray diffraction investigation verifies the compound's crystalline form. The existence of LODP components was verified using energy dispersion spectrometry. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal measurements demonstrate the crystal's thermal stability.