Prevalence of the Novel Recombinant LSDV in East and Southeast Asia: Inducing Skin and Testicular Damage in Golden Hamsters

In June 2020, Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) was first discovered in Guangdong, China. Whole-genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis indicate that this strain represents a novel recombinant vaccine strain. Our investigation has identified regions affected by LSD outbreaks prior to 2024, revealing widespread prevalence of LSDV across East Asia and Southeast Asia. Subsequent analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of the strain revealed LSDV's resilience to high temperatures, varying pH levels, humidity, UV radiation, and light exposure. Among the tested disinfectants, potassium persulfate, glutaraldehyde, and benzalkonium bromide have demonstrated the most potent virucidal efficacy against LSDV while maintaining high safety profiles. Utilizing the Syrian hamster model, infection with this strain has resulted in the formation of skin nodules and testicular damage, providing valuable insights into the pathogenesis of LSDV. In conclusion, the comprehensive experimental data presented herein serve as a cornerstone for advancing biosafety protocols, facilitating effective prevention and control strategies, and fostering the development of small animal model for LSDV.