Efficient carbamazepine degradation with Fe3+ doped 1T/2H hybrid molybdenum disulfide as peroxymonosulfate activator under high salinity wastewater

Drawing on the robust activation activity and affinity that transition metal ions and MoS2 exhibit towards peroxymonosulfate (PMS), 1T/2H hybrid molybdenum disulfide doped with Fe3+ (Fe3+/N–MoS2) was synthesized to activate PMS for the treatment of organic wastewater. The ultrathin sheet morphology and 1T/2H hybrid nature of Fe3+/N–MoS2 were confirmed by characterization. The (Fe3+/N–MoS2 + PMS) system demonstrated excellent performance in the degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) above 90% within 10 min even under high salinity conditions. By electron paramagnetic resonance and active species scavenging experiments, it was inferred that SO4•─ palyed a dominant role in the treatment process. The strong synergistic interactions between 1T/2H MoS2 and Fe3+ efficiently promoted PMS activation and generated active species. Additionally, the (Fe3+/N–MoS2 + PMS) system was found to be capable of high activity for CBZ removal in high salinity natural water, and Fe3+/N–MoS2 exhibited high stability during recycle tests. This new strategy of Fe3+ doped 1T/2H hybrid MoS2 for more efficient PMS activation provides valuable insights for the removal of pollutants from high salinity wastewater.