Self-powered smart agriculture real-time sensing device based on hybrid wind energy harvesting triboelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator

• A hybrid nanogenerator is proposed. • Structural optimization design for higher economic efficiency. • Structural optimization design for higher output. • Designed a real time sensing system at 6 m/s wind speed. The sustained development of intelligent agriculture has attracted widespread attention to more significant requirements for real-time sensing. In recent years, the emerging triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has proved to be a promising and renewable energy-harvesting device, which will provide a powerful boost for the development of intelligent agriculture. In this work, we aggregated TENG and electromagnetic generator (EMG) to form a stackable hybrid nanogenerator, withing the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, and extensive fields of application. The hybrid nanogenerator shows excellent output performance with wind speeds ranging from 3 m/s to 6 m/s. Through the membrane structure optimization, an optimal film structure was proposed that owns satisfactory output and high economic benefit. The output performance of EMG obtained further design in rationalization, which achieved a peak power of 118 mW at a wind speed of 6 m/s. It is of extraordinary significance to realize the real-time sensing of the fan status, temperature, and humidity in the smart agricultural greenhouse for monitoring the environmental parameters of the intelligent agricultural by integrating with a Bluetooth module.