Emerging material engineering strategies for amplifying photothermal heterogeneous CO2 catalysis

A fundamental understanding of basic driving forces and the role of light in photothermal CO 2 catalysis is covered. The progress of the catalyst development and corresponding material engineering strategies are summarized. Closing the carbon loop, through CO 2 capture and utilization, is a promising route to mitigate climate change. Solar energy is a sustainable energy source which can be exploited to drive catalytic reactions for utilizing CO 2 , including converting the CO 2 into useful products. Solar energy can be harnessed through a range of different pathways to valorize CO 2 . Whilst using solar energy to drive CO 2 reduction has vast potential to promote catalytic CO 2 conversions, the progress is limited due to the lack of understanding of property-performance relations as well as feasible material engineering approaches. Herein, we outline the various driving forces involved in photothermal CO 2 catalysis. The heat from solar energy can be utilized to induce CO 2 catalytic reduction reactions via the photothermal effect. Further, solar energy can act to modify reaction pathways through light-matter interactions. Light-induced chemical functions have demonstrated the ability to regulate intermediary reaction steps, and thus control the reaction selectivity. Photothermal catalyst structures and specific catalyst design strategies are discussed in this context. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the heat-light synergy and guidance for rational photothermal catalyst design for CO 2 utilization.