A review on metal-organic frameworks: Synthesis and applications

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as a group of compounds, either metal ions or clusters, harmonized with organic ligands to form one or some dimensional structures. In addition to resilient bonds between inorganic and organic units, reticular synthesis creates MOFs, accurate selection of constituents of which can produce high thermal and chemical stability and crystals of ultrahigh porosity. Other solids have not shown the same accuracy normally used in chemical modification and even the capability of increasing their metrics with no modification of the underlying topology. With shape of building units and chemical compositions multiplying based on specific structures, MOFs might result in compounds that propose a synergistic mixture of features. This study presents up to date advances in both synthesis methods of MOFs and structural characteristics. Furthermore, the use of MOFs in different fields such as the removal of absorption and separation of toxic substances from gas and liquid, catalysts, a variety of sensors, storage of clean energies and environmental applications, medical and biological applications, and optoelectronic equipment is included.