Journal of Physical Chemistry B, volume 128, issue 41, pages 10258-10271

Electrochemical Sensing of Phenylalanine using Polyaniline-Based Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2024-09-24
scimago Q1
wos Q3
SJR0.760
CiteScore5.8
Impact factor2.8
ISSN15206106, 15205207, 10895647
Nasser R.A., Arya S.S., Alshehhi K.H., Teo J.C., Pitsalidis C.
Trends in Biotechnology scimago Q1 wos Q1
2024-06-01 citations by CoLab: 8 Abstract  
Conducting polymer (CP) scaffolds have emerged as a transformative tool in bioelectronics and bioengineering, advancing the ability to interface with biological systems. Their unique combination of electrical conductivity, tailorability, and biocompatibility surpasses the capabilities of traditional nonconducting scaffolds while granting them access to the realm of bioelectronics. This review examines recent developments in CP scaffolds, focusing on material and device advancements, as well as their interplay with biological systems. We highlight applications for monitoring, tissue stimulation, and drug delivery and discuss perspectives and challenges currently faced for their ultimate translation and clinical implementation.
Sarvutienė J., Samukaite-Bubniene U., Ramanavicius S., Ramanavicius A.
Biotechnology Advances scimago Q1 wos Q1
2024-03-01 citations by CoLab: 20 Abstract  
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), a type of biomimetic material, have attracted considerable interest owing to their cost-effectiveness, good physiochemical stability, favourable specificity and selectivity for target analytes, and widely used for various biological applications. It was demonstrated that MIPs with significant selectivity towards protein-based targets could be applied in medicine, diagnostics, proteomics, environmental analysis, sensors, various in vivo and/or in vitro applications, drug delivery systems, etc. This review provides an overview of MIPs dedicated to biomedical applications and insights into perspectives on the application of MIPs in newly emerging areas of biotechnology. Many different protocols applied for the synthesis of MIPs are overviewed in this review. The templates used for molecular imprinting vary from the minor glycosylated glycan-based structures, amino acids, and proteins to whole bacteria, which are also overviewed in this review. Economic, environmental, rapid preparation, stability, and reproducibility have been highlighted as significant advantages of MIPs. Particularly, some specialized MIPs, in addition to molecular recognition properties, can have high catalytic activity, which in some cases could be compared with other bio-catalytic systems. Therefore, such MIPs belong to the class of so-called 'artificial enzymes'. The discussion provided in this manuscript furnishes a comparative analysis of different approaches developed, underlining their relative advantages and disadvantages highlighting trends and possible future directions of MIP technology.
Zeng H., Xie Y., Liu T., Chu Z., Dempsey E., Jin W.
Sensors & Diagnostics scimago Q2 wos Q2 Open Access
2024-01-01 citations by CoLab: 8 PDF Abstract  
Accompanying the fast development of clinical medicine and material science, electrochemical biosensors continue to play a significant role in relation to disease diagnosis due to their short time to result,...
Sarkar T., Brahma D., Gupta A.N.
Microchemical Journal scimago Q1 wos Q1
2024-01-01 citations by CoLab: 8 Abstract  
We explore the utilization of a conductive carbon yarn (CCY) as a flexible biosensing platform with the help of L-cysteine-capped Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for amino acids, with L-Phenylalanine serving as a model analyte. The L-cys@Fe3O4 NPs are synthesized using a wet-chemical co-precipitation method, resulting in a pure cubic phase as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirms the functionalization of Fe3O4 NPs with L-cysteine. We used a hydrothermal technique to functionalize CCY to prepare L-cys@Fe3O4/CCY electrode. The L-cys@Fe3O4 NPs and L-cys@Fe3O4/CCY morphology are characterized using the Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Cyclic voltammetry technique is used for electrochemical detection of L-phenylalanine using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry (taken in 5 mM K4[Fe(CN)6] solution prepared with 1X PBS, pH = 7.4). The CCY-based sensor exhibits excellent linearity (R2 = 0.96) over a wide linear range from 10 μM to 100 μM, with a detection limit of 5.8 ± 0.5 μM and sensitivity of 0.02 ± 0.01 μA μM-1m−2 enabling sensitive detection of L-phenylalanine. The electrodes also exhibit excellent repeatability. We have performed a detection of L-Phe with a real sample and the analysis also suggests the applicability of the electrode. Thus, the L-cys@Fe3O4/CCY electrode demonstrates its potential as a flexible, highly efficient, and cost-effective sensing material, making it suitable for developing point-of-care biosensors.
Abhishek N., Verma A., Singh A., Vandana, Kumar T.
2023-11-01 citations by CoLab: 22 Abstract  
In recent years conducting polymers (CP) are extensively used for electrochemical sensing applications. They are the polymers which shows electrical conductivity. Conducting polymers are very sensitive to minor changes in concentrations of analyte. In complex systems, electrochemical sensors are renowned for their great specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy. These sensors can pick up on solid, liquid, and gaseous phase analyses. The combination of CPs with metal nanoparticles especially noble metal nanoparticle has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. Because of their distinctive electrical and optical characteristics as well as their many uses in industries including Sensors, electronics, photonics, catalysts, nano and biotechnology. An Electrochemical sensor convert the electrochemical response of target species on electrodes into usable signals which helps the detection of various chemical entities. Electrochemical sensor’s sensitivity, response times, and stability have recently been explored through the introduction of metal nanoparticles into conducting polymers. To increase the likelihood that metal nanoparticles will come into touch with their surroundings, metal nanoparticles may first be evenly disseminated throughout a polymer matrix. Second, the conductivity of the polymer or its composite structure may be improved by the nanoparticles included within. As a result, conductive polymers combined with metal nanoparticles in the form of thin films or nanowires showing efficiency particularly in the chemical sensing and biological sensing of a variety of analytes. Furthermore, the flexibility of conducting polymers gives the nanocomposite far greater stability. The primary benefits of using metal/conducting polymer as chemisensors and bio sensors, in a nutshell, are raising the specific area and enhancing catalytic efficiency. This review is focused on Metal-Conducting polymer composites and their electrochemical sensing application. Synthesis and fabrication of metal-conducting polymer composites, different sensors like electrochemical sensors, electrochemical biosensors and chemiresistive sensors are discussed as well as the electrochemical sensing application of metal doped derivatives of conducting polymers especially PANI, PEDOT and PPy are highlighted.
Liu P., Li H., Xu H., Gong J., Jiang M., Xu Z., Shi J.
iScience scimago Q1 wos Q1 Open Access
2023-10-01 citations by CoLab: 7 Abstract  
Hepatic fibrosis is a classic pathological manifestation of metabolic chronic hepatopathy. The pathological process might either gradually deteriorate into cirrhosis and ultimately liver cancer with inappropriate nutrition supply, or be slowed down by several multifunctional nutrients, alternatively. Herein, we found diet with excessive phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) exacerbated hepatic fibrosis symptoms of liver dysfunction and gut microflora dysbiosis in mice. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) could ameliorate hepatic fibrosis with the regulation of amino acid metabolism by downregulating the mTORC1 pathway, especially that of Phe and Tyr, and also with the alleviation of the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, simultaneously. Conclusively, this work presents new insight into the role of Phe and Tyr in the pathologic process of hepatic fibrosis, while revealing the effectiveness and molecular mechanism of COS in improving hepatic fibrosis from the perspective of metabolites.
Sanchez-Almirola J., Gage A., Lopez R., Yapell D., Mujawar M., Kamat V., Kaushik A.
2023-10-01 citations by CoLab: 14 Abstract  
This proof-of-concept research reports a label and bio-active free electrochemical testosterone (hormone essential regulating body function) sensing at low and in physiological range using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs)-based electrochemical sensing platform. State-of-the-art testosterone testing is clinical-based involving expertise, sophisticated laboratory set-up, and time-consuming testing and analysis. These consequences are limiting testosterone testing regularly suitable for an average person and a wide population. To manage these challenges, o-phenylenediamine (oPD) electropolymerized to poly(o-phenylenediamine) i.e., PoPD using cyclic voltammetry within minutes for fabricating MIP onto miniaturized screen-printed-electrode (SPE) for electrical testosterone sensing application. PoPD-MIPs/SPE sensor was responsive to varied concentrations of testosterone and exhibited a detection limit (LoD) of 1 ng/dL and a wide detection ranging from 1 to 25 ng/dL. The observed LoD correlates with the salivary testosterone of a healthy male. Therefore, PoPD-MIPs/SPE sensor, interfaced with a miniaturized potentiostat (M−P) and smartphone, has the potential of point-of-care (POC) testosterone sensing.
Matulis P., Malys N.
Biochemical Engineering Journal scimago Q2 wos Q2
2023-02-01 citations by CoLab: 2 Abstract  
Phenylacetic acid (PAA) plays an important role in the plant hormone biology, possess a substantial antimicrobial activity and widely used building block for several pharmaceutical drugs. Technological advancement for PAA and other small molecule investigation in vivo can help to yield interesting insights into their involvement in biological processes. Transcription factor-based whole-cell biosensors have recently become useful analytical tools for detection and monitoring of various molecules. Compared to conventional analytical methods, the whole-cell biosensor offers cost-effective, rapid and high-throughput solution. In this paper, we identify and characterize PAA-inducible gene expression system CnPaaX/PpaaA2 from Cupriavidus necator H16. Nucleotide sequence analysis and mutagenesis reveal a conservative region with palindromic sequence motifs upstream to paaA2, which are likely used for PaaX-mediated transcriptional regulation. Using inducible system CnPaaX/PpaaA2 we develop C. necator-based whole-cell biosensor that exhibits a dose-dependent response to the exogenous PAA. Moreover, the biosensor is highly specific to the PAA compared to naturally occurring hydroxylated forms of this compound. Importantly, it exhibits a limit of measurement as low as 9.54 nM demonstrating the highest level of sensitivity reported so far. By combining genetic elements of PAA-inducible system with phenylpyruvate decarboxylase gene ipdC, we develop biosensor suitable for determining of L-phenylalanine.
Yarkaeva Y., Maistrenko V., Dymova D., Zagitova L., Nazyrov M.
Electrochimica Acta scimago Q1 wos Q1
2022-11-01 citations by CoLab: 16 Abstract  
• To AMX determination, sensors based on molecular imprinted PANI and PMOA were developed. • PANI and PMOA were obtained through electrochemical polymerization. • The interaction energy of AMX-PMOA complex is greater than AMX-PANI complex. • PMOA based MIP-sensor has a higher sensitivity, selectivity, and lower detection limit. • Proposed MIP-sensors determine AMX in urine and blood plasma with high accuracy. In this work, sensors based on molecular imprinted polyaniline (MIPANI) and poly-2-methoxyaniline (MIPMOA) for amoxicillin (AMX) determination were developed and compared with each other. MIPANI and MIPMOA were deposited on the surface of modified by graphene oxide (GO) glassy carbon electrode (GCE) through electrochemical polymerization using cyclic voltammetry, which was carried out in a 1 M sulfuric acid solution containing the corresponding monomer and amoxicillin as a template, followed by removal of the template. Using a scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the morphology and electrochemical properties of the modified surface of GCE were studied. The applying PANI and PMOA on the GCE/GO surface leads to a decrease in [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3-/4− currents. The electron transfer resistance on PMOA sensor (62 ± 4 Ω) is lower than on PANI sensor (71 ± 5 Ω). The areas of the electroactive surface of GCE/GO/PANI and GCE/GO/PMOA are 6.64 ± 0.12 mm 2 and 7.75 ± 0.14 mm 2 , respectively. After the removal of the AMX, the electron transfer rate increases due to the formation of pores in the polymers through which [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3-/4− ions penetrate. Using FTIR spectroscopy, it was shown that amoxicillin is incorporated into both polymer films. In this case, the binding of AMX to PMOA is stronger, which is confirmed by quantum chemical modeling. The optimal conditions for analysis were selected: the number of polymerization cycles was 7, the template concentration was 1 mM, and the pH of the analyzed solution was 7.00. Square wave voltammograms MIPANI and MIPMOA sensors show a pronounced electrooxidation peak, which are linear over the AMX concentration range of 1.0 × 10 −5 – 5.0 × 10 −3 and 5.0 × 10 −6 – 5.0 × 10 −3 M with detection limits of 2.6 × 10 −6 and 6.1 × 10 −7 M, respectively. It is shown that the MIPMOA sensor exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity to AMX than MIPANI sensor, as well as high accuracy in determining AMX in urine and blood plasma.
Wang M., Cetó X., del Valle M.
ACS Sensors scimago Q1 wos Q1
2022-10-25 citations by CoLab: 30 Abstract  
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are one of the most important types of antibiotics in the clinical, poultry, and aquaculture industries, and their monitoring is required as the abuse has led to severe issues, such as antibiotic residues and antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we report a voltammetric electronic tongue (ET) for the simultaneous determination of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin in both pharmaceutical and biological samples. The ET comprises four sensors modified with three different customized molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and a nonimprinted polymer integrated with Au nanoparticle-decorated multiwall carbon nanotubes (Au-fMWCNTs). MWCNTs were first functionalized to serve as a supporting substrate, while the anchored Au nanoparticles acted as a catalyst. Subsequently, MIP films were obtained by electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of the different target FQs. The sensors' morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, while the modification process was followed electrochemically step by step employing [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as the redox probe. Under the optimal conditions, the MIP(FQs)@Au-fMWCNT sensors exhibited different responses, limits of detection of ca. 1 μM, and a wide detection range up to 300 μM for the three FQs. Lastly, the developed ET presents satisfactory agreement between the expected and obtained values when used for the simultaneous determination of mixtures of the three FQs (R2 ≥0.960, testing subset), which was also applied to the analysis of FQs in commercial pharmaceuticals and spiked human urine samples.

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