Recent Advances in Diagnostic Strategies and Nanotechnology-Based Therapies for Ovarian Cancer Treatment

Ovarian cancer is a global silent killer in women and is the second most common cause of gynecologic cancer-related deaths. Despite significant research and advances in treatment, ovarian cancer treatment remains a challenge, as it is diagnosed in an advanced stage and has a very high rate of recurrence following initial therapy. There is a compelling need to develop effective therapeutics for the treatment of ovarian cancer. This review highlights the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based drug-delivery systems and their expanding scope of treatments and diagnostics in ovarian cancer. In this article, we provide an overview of the innate immune response elicited by external delivery carriers. The review details the ongoing progress in nanotechnology for ovarian cancer treatment, including advances in nanoimmunotherapy and the potential of nanoparticle-based formulations for combating ovarian cancer. Recent diagnostic and prognostic tools used for ovarian cancer have been elaborated. The review also underscores the role of artificial intelligence in advancing current clinical diagnosis protocols. Challenges and future perspectives of nanocarriers for ovarian cancer treatment are also discussed in detail. This review uniquely integrates the role of innate immune responses with advances in nanotechnology for ovarian cancer, providing a comprehensive and interdisciplinary perspective that has not been previously addressed.