Green Synthesis of a Nanocrystalline Tin Disulfide-Reduced Graphene Oxide Anode from Ammonium Peroxostannate: a Highly Stable Sodium-Ion Battery Anode

We introduce a green synthesis approach for high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes that does not involve hydrothermal treatment or excessive energy use. Wet chemistry involving ammonium peroxostannate intermediate coating of reduced graphene oxide can be done at low temperature without excessive use of solvents. The process is practically waste-free and does not involve acid waste. Thermal treatment is required only for the solid material. The electrode exhibited very high stability and the charging capacity was reduced from 320 to 310 mA h g–¹ after 2000 cycles at 3 A g–¹. Moreover, the synthesis protocol demonstrated here is highly versatile with different, alternative pathways that provide many degrees of freedom in the process sheet design and in material composition.