Green Synthetic Approach for High-Performance Energetic Nitramino Azoles

A mild and efficient strategy for the nitration of amino-substituted pyrazoles/triazole employing a mixture of potassium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid (KNO3/H2SO4) as a nitrating reagent proceeded smoothly to give nitramino-substituted products. These were treated with corresponding bases to give energetic salts 1-10. The compounds were fully characterized, and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies were obtained for 1, 4, 6, and 10. The physical properties and detonation performance were measured or calculated. Salts 1, 2, 6, 8, and 9 exhibited excellent detonation performance and acceptable sensitivities as well as good stabilities, which suggested that they have potential to be useful as high-performance explosives.