Nature Materials

, volume 13 , issue 6 , pages 624-630

Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids.

Keith R Paton ^{1, 2}

Varrla Eswaraiah ^{1, 3}

Claudia Backes ^{1, 3}

Ronan J Smith ^{1, 3}

UMAR KHAN ^{1, 3}

Arlene O'Neill ^{1, 3}

Conor Boland ^{1, 3}

Mustafa Lotya ^{1, 3}

Oana M Istrate ^{1, 3}

Paul King ^{1, 3}

Tom Higgins ^{1, 3}

Sebastian Barwich ^{1, 3}

PETER MAY ^{1, 3}

Pawel Puczkarski ^{1, 3}

Iftikhar Ahmed ³

Matthias Moebius ³

Henrik Pettersson ^{1, 3}

Edmund Long ^{1, 3}

João Coelho ^{1, 4}

Sean E O'Brien ^{1, 3}

Eva K Mcguire ^{1, 3}

Beatriz Mendoza Sanchez ^{1, 4}

Georg S. Duesberg ^{1, 4}

Niall McEvoy ^{1, 4}

Timothy J Pennycook ^{5, 6}

Clive Downing ¹

Alison Crossley ⁶

Valeria Nicolosi ^{1, 3, 4}

Jonathan N Coleman ^{1, 3}

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 6 affiliations

Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland |

Thomas Swan and Company Limited, Rotary Way Consett DH8 7ND, UK, |

School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland |

⁴

School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland |

⁵

SuperSTEM, STFC Daresbury Laboratories, Keckwick Lane Warrington WA4 4AD, UK, |

⁶

Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH, UK, |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2014-04-20

Springer Nature

Nature Materials

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 14.204

CiteScore: 61.8

Impact factor: 38.5

ISSN: 14761122, 14764660

DOI: 10.1038/nmat3944

Copy DOI

PubMed ID: 24747780

General Chemistry

Condensed Matter Physics

General Materials Science

Mechanical Engineering

Mechanics of Materials

Abstract

To progress from the laboratory to commercial applications, it will be necessary to develop industrially scalable methods to produce large quantities of defect-free graphene. Here we show that high-shear mixing of graphite in suitable stabilizing liquids results in large-scale exfoliation to give dispersions of graphene nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy show the exfoliated flakes to be unoxidized and free of basal-plane defects. We have developed a simple model that shows exfoliation to occur once the local shear rate exceeds 10(4) s(-1). By fully characterizing the scaling behaviour of the graphene production rate, we show that exfoliation can be achieved in liquid volumes from hundreds of millilitres up to hundreds of litres and beyond. The graphene produced by this method performs well in applications from composites to conductive coatings. This method can be applied to exfoliate BN, MoS2 and a range of other layered crystals.

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Kurkina Irina

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Cacialli Franco

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Maslakov Konstantin

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Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

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Tarkhov Mikhail

🥼

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Institute of Nanotechnology of Microelectronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

1 citation

Weiran Zheng

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Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

Research interests

Electrochemistry

1 citation

Hussain Abid

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h-index: 38

Southwest Jiaotong University

Research interests

COVID-19

Cloud computing

1 citation

Lobach Anatoly

PhD in Chemistry

118 publications, 2 119 citations

h-index: 22

Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS

Research interests

Inorganic synthesis

Nanomaterials

1 citation

Bahlouli Nadia

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h-index: 19

University of Strasbourg

1 citation

Mehraban Shahin

32 publications, 671 citations

h-index: 13

Swansea University

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Paton K. R. et al. Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids. // Nature Materials. 2014. Vol. 13. No. 6. pp. 624-630.

GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy

Paton K. R. et al. Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids. // Nature Materials. 2014. Vol. 13. No. 6. pp. 624-630.

RIS |

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RIS Copy

TY - JOUR

DO - 10.1038/nmat3944

UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3944

TI - Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids.

T2 - Nature Materials

AU - Paton, Keith R

AU - Eswaraiah, Varrla

AU - Backes, Claudia

AU - Smith, Ronan J

AU - KHAN, UMAR

AU - O'Neill, Arlene

AU - Boland, Conor

AU - Lotya, Mustafa

AU - Istrate, Oana M

AU - King, Paul

AU - Higgins, Tom

AU - Barwich, Sebastian

AU - MAY, PETER

AU - Puczkarski, Pawel

AU - Ahmed, Iftikhar

AU - Moebius, Matthias

AU - Pettersson, Henrik

AU - Long, Edmund

AU - Coelho, João

AU - O'Brien, Sean E

AU - Mcguire, Eva K

AU - Sanchez, Beatriz Mendoza

AU - Duesberg, Georg S.

AU - McEvoy, Niall

AU - Pennycook, Timothy J

AU - Downing, Clive

AU - Crossley, Alison

AU - Nicolosi, Valeria

AU - Coleman, Jonathan N

PY - 2014

DA - 2014/04/20

PB - Springer Nature

SP - 624-630

IS - 6

VL - 13

PMID - 24747780

SN - 1476-1122

SN - 1476-4660

ER -

BibTex |

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BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy

@article{2014_Paton,

author = {Keith R Paton and Varrla Eswaraiah and Claudia Backes and Ronan J Smith and UMAR KHAN and Arlene O'Neill and Conor Boland and Mustafa Lotya and Oana M Istrate and Paul King and Tom Higgins and Sebastian Barwich and PETER MAY and Pawel Puczkarski and Iftikhar Ahmed and Matthias Moebius and Henrik Pettersson and Edmund Long and João Coelho and Sean E O'Brien and Eva K Mcguire and Beatriz Mendoza Sanchez and Georg S. Duesberg and Niall McEvoy and Timothy J Pennycook and Clive Downing and Alison Crossley and Valeria Nicolosi and Jonathan N Coleman and others},

title = {Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids.},

journal = {Nature Materials},

year = {2014},

volume = {13},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

month = {apr},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3944},

number = {6},

pages = {624--630},

doi = {10.1038/nmat3944}

}

MLA

Cite this

MLA Copy

Paton, Keith R., et al. “Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids..” Nature Materials, vol. 13, no. 6, Apr. 2014, pp. 624-630. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3944.

Publisher

Springer Nature

Journal

Nature Materials

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

14.204

CiteScore

61.8

Impact factor

38.5

ISSN

14761122 (Print)

14764660 (Electronic)