A remote-controlled generation of gold@polydopamine (core@shell) nanoparticles via physical-chemical stimuli of polydopamine/gold composites

We present the synthesis of polydopamine particle-gold composites (PdopP-Au) and unique release of Au@Pdop core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) from the PdopP-Au upon external stimuli. The PdopP-Au was prepared by controlled synthesis of AuNPs on the Pdop particles. Upon near infrared (NIR) irradiation or NaBH4 treatment on the PdopP-Au, the synthesized AuNPs within the PdopPs could be burst-released as a form of Au@Pdop NPs. The PdopP-Au composite showed outstanding photothermal conversion ability under NIR irradiation due to the ultrahigh loading of the AuNPs within the PdopPs, leading to a remote-controlled explosion of the PdopP-Au and rapid formation of numerous Au@Pdop NPs. The release of the Au@Pdop NPs could be instantly stopped or re-started by off or reboot of NIR, respectively. The structure of the released Au@Pdop NPs is suitable for a catalyst or adsorbent, thus we demonstrated that the PdopP-Au composite exhibited excellent and sustained performances for environmental remediation due to its capability of the continuous production of fresh catalysts or adsorbents during the reuse.