Applied Physics Letters, volume 126, issue 3

Sub-terahertz PAM4 modulator based on transmission characteristic reconstruction

Kesen Ding ^{1, 2, 3}

Chunyang Bi ^{1, 2, 3}

Yu Ao ^{1, 2, 3}

Liyu Cheng ^{1, 2, 3}

Hailong Fang ^{1, 2, 3}

Yazhou Dong ^{1, 2, 3}

Hongji Zhou ^{1, 2, 3}

Xun Wang ^{1, 2, 3}

Zhenpeng Zhang ⁴

Shixiong Liang Shixiong Liang ⁵

Sen Gong ^{1, 2, 3}

Yaxin Zhang ^{1, 2, 3}

Show full list: 12 authors

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School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 1 , Chengdu 610054, |

Engineering Center of Integrated Optoelectronic & Radio Meta-chips, University of Electronic Science and Technology 2 , |

Zhangjiang Laboratory 3 , 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201204, |

⁴

The National Key Laboratory of Application Specific Integrated Circuit, Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute 4 , Shijiazhuang 050000, |

⁵

School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University 5 , Tianjin 300072, |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2025-01-20

AIP Publishing

Journal: Applied Physics Letters

scimago Q1

SJR: 0.976

CiteScore: 6.4

Impact factor: 3.5

ISSN: 00036951, 10773118

DOI: 10.1063/5.0242240

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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a sub-terahertz PAM4 modulator based on transmission characteristic reconstruction by combining meta-unit, GaAs Schottky diode, and fan branch lines. This method combined the significant electromagnetic resonant characteristics of meta-unit, the high-speed controllability of GaAs Schottky diode, and the high integration of on-chip transmission line together to realize high-speed modulation. Then, we achieve transmission characteristic reconstruction by adjusting the resonance strength under different applied voltages through fan branch lines, enabling high-order amplitude modulation of sub-terahertz waves. The experimental results show that the PAM4 modulation of sub-terahertz waves is achieved with a nearly linear variation of the transmission coefficient in the whole voltage range and a maximum modulation rate of 21 Gbps, providing a promising prospect for the development and application of integrated sub-terahertz direct high-order modulation technology.

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Publisher

AIP Publishing

Journal

Applied Physics Letters

scimago Q1

SJR

0.976

CiteScore

6.4

Impact factor

3.5

ISSN

00036951 (Print)

10773118 (Electronic)