Multicomponent Emulsified Biofuels for Transport Diesel Engines

Vegetable oils are a significant raw material resource for producing biodiesel fuels. But while using vegetable oils as fuels, the coking of the combustion chamber elements and injectors’ spraying nozzles. These problems can be solved by supplying water into the combustion chamber through the injectors. The article considers an opportunity of ensuring the stable operation of the diesel engine when it is powered by multicomponent emulsified biofuels. Emulsions of petroleum diesel fuel, rapeseed oil and water were investigated. The results of experimental studies of the automotive diesel engine running on these fuels are presented. According to the test results the efficiency of using these emulsions as fuels for diesel engines was evaluated. The favorable combination of characteristics of fuel efficiency and toxicity of diesel engine exhaust gases is obtained by using an emulsion containing 57% of petroleum diesel fuel, 30% of rapeseed oil and 13% of water (by volume). At the maximum power mode, the replacement of petroleum diesel fuel with this emulsion enabled to reduce exhaust smoke opacity from 16.0 to 7.5% according to the Hartridge scale. By the modes of the thirteen-mode cycle the integral specific emission of nitrogen oxides NO_x decreases from 6, 610 to 5, 552 g/(kW·h).