Open Access
Open access
American Physical Society (APS)
Physical Review Letters
,  volume 134 ,  issue 8 ,  publication number 081801

First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions

E Marzec 1
, 
S. Ajimura 2
, 
A Antonakis 1
, 
M Botran 1
, 
M. K. CHEOUN 3
, 
J. H. Choi 4
, 
J W Choi 5
, 
J Y Choi 5
, 
T Dodo 6
, 
H. FURUTA 6
, 
J.H. Goh 7
, 
K. Haga 8
, 
M. Harada 8
, 
S. Hasegawa 8, 9
, 
Y. Hino 6
, 
T. Hiraiwa 2
, 
W. Hwang 7
, 
T Iida 10
, 
E Iwai 1
, 
S. Iwata 11
, 
H. I. Jang 12
, 
J. S. Jang 13
, 
M C Jang 5
, 
H.‐K. Jeon 14
, 
S. H. Jeon 14
, 
K. K. Joo 5
, 
D. E. Jung 14
, 
S.K. Kang 15
, 
Y Kasugai 8
, 
T. Kawasaki 11
, 
E J Kim 16
, 
J Y Kim 5
, 
E.-M. Kim 5
, 
S Y Kim 5
, 
W. Kim 17
, 
S. B. Kim 18
, 
H. Kinoshita 8
, 
T. Konno 11
, 
K. Kuwata 6
, 
D H Lee 19
, 
S ( Lee 7
, 
I. T. Lim 5
, 
C. Little 1
, 
T. Maruyama 19
, 
S. Masuda 8
, 
S. Meigo 8
, 
S Monjushiro 19
, 
D. H. Moon 5
, 
T. NAKANO 2
, 
M. Niiyama 20
, 
K. Nishikawa 19
, 
M Noumachi 2
, 
M. Y. Pac 4
, 
B. J. PARK 17
, 
H W Park 5
, 
J. B. Park 3
, 
J. S. Park 5
, 
R. G. Park 5
, 
S. J. M. Peeters 21
, 
G. Roellinghoff 14
, 
C. Rott 22
, 
J.‐W. Ryu 17
, 
K. Sakai 8
, 
S Sakamoto 8
, 
T. Shima 2
, 
C. D. Shin 19
, 
J. Spitz 1
, 
I. STANCU 23
, 
F. Suekane 6
, 
Y. Sugaya 2
, 
K. Suzuya 8
, 
M. Taira 19
, 
Y Takeuchi 10
, 
W. Wang 18
, 
J WATERFIELD 21
, 
W. Wei 18
, 
R. White 21
, 
Y. Yamaguchi 8
, 
M Yeh 24
, 
I. S. Yeo 4
, 
C. Yoo 7
, 
I. Yu 14
, 
A Zohaib 5
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
 
Dongshin University
5
 
6
 
7
 
8
 
J-PARC Center
9
 
Advanced Science Research Center
10
 
11
 
12
 
Seoyeong University
13
 
14
 
15
 
16
 
17
 
18
 
Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University | 
19
 
20
 
21
 
University of Sussex
22
 
23
 
24
 
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2025-02-26
American Physical Society (APS)
scimago Q1
wos Q1
SJR: 2.856
CiteScore: 15.6
Impact factor: 9.0
ISSN: 00319007, 10797114
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the missing energy due to nuclear effects in monoenergetic, muon neutrino charged-current interactions on carbon, originating from K+→μ+νμ decay at rest (Eνμ=235.5  MeV), performed with the J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source liquid scintillator based experiment. Toward characterizing the neutrino interaction, ostensibly νμn→μ−p or νμC12→μ−N12, we define the energy as the energy transferred to the nucleus (ω) minus the kinetic energy of the outgoing proton(s), Em≡ω−∑Tp, and relate this to visible energy in the detector, Em=Eνμ(235.5  MeV)−mμ(105.7  MeV)+[mn−mp(1.3  MeV)]−Evis. The missing energy, which is naively expected to be zero in the absence of nuclear effects (e.g., nucleon separation energy, Fermi momenta, and final-state interactions), is uniquely sensitive to many aspects of the interaction, and has previously been inaccessible with neutrinos. The shape-only, differential cross section measurement reported, based on a (77±3)% pure double-coincidence kaon decay-at-rest signal (621 total events), provides detailed insight into neutrino-nucleus interactions, allowing even the nuclear orbital shell of the struck nucleon to be inferred. The measurement provides an important benchmark for models and event generators at hundreds of MeV neutrino energies, characterized by the difficult-to-model transition region between neutrino-nucleus and neutrino-nucleon scattering, and relevant for applications in nuclear physics, neutrino oscillation measurements, and Type-II supernova studies.

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Marzec E. et al. First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions // Physical Review Letters. 2025. Vol. 134. No. 8. 081801
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Marzec E. et al. First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions // Physical Review Letters. 2025. Vol. 134. No. 8. 081801
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RIS Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.1103/physrevlett.134.081801
UR - https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.081801
TI - First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions
T2 - Physical Review Letters
AU - Marzec, E
AU - Ajimura, S.
AU - Antonakis, A
AU - Botran, M
AU - CHEOUN, M. K.
AU - Choi, J. H.
AU - Choi, J W
AU - Choi, J Y
AU - Dodo, T
AU - FURUTA, H.
AU - Goh, J.H.
AU - Haga, K.
AU - Harada, M.
AU - Hasegawa, S.
AU - Hino, Y.
AU - Hiraiwa, T.
AU - Hwang, W.
AU - Iida, T
AU - Iwai, E
AU - Iwata, S.
AU - Jang, H. I.
AU - Jang, J. S.
AU - Jang, M C
AU - Jeon, H.‐K.
AU - Jeon, S. H.
AU - Joo, K. K.
AU - Jung, D. E.
AU - Kang, S.K.
AU - Kasugai, Y
AU - Kawasaki, T.
AU - Kim, E J
AU - Kim, J Y
AU - Kim, E.-M.
AU - Kim, S Y
AU - Kim, W.
AU - Kim, S. B.
AU - Kinoshita, H.
AU - Konno, T.
AU - Kuwata, K.
AU - Lee, D H
AU - Lee, S (
AU - Lim, I. T.
AU - Little, C.
AU - Maruyama, T.
AU - Masuda, S.
AU - Meigo, S.
AU - Monjushiro, S
AU - Moon, D. H.
AU - NAKANO, T.
AU - Niiyama, M.
AU - Nishikawa, K.
AU - Noumachi, M
AU - Pac, M. Y.
AU - PARK, B. J.
AU - Park, H W
AU - Park, J. B.
AU - Park, J. S.
AU - Park, R. G.
AU - Peeters, S. J. M.
AU - Roellinghoff, G.
AU - Rott, C.
AU - Ryu, J.‐W.
AU - Sakai, K.
AU - Sakamoto, S
AU - Shima, T.
AU - Shin, C. D.
AU - Spitz, J.
AU - STANCU, I.
AU - Suekane, F.
AU - Sugaya, Y.
AU - Suzuya, K.
AU - Taira, M.
AU - Takeuchi, Y
AU - Wang, W.
AU - WATERFIELD, J
AU - Wei, W.
AU - White, R.
AU - Yamaguchi, Y.
AU - Yeh, M
AU - Yeo, I. S.
AU - Yoo, C.
AU - Yu, I.
AU - Zohaib, A
PY - 2025
DA - 2025/02/26
PB - American Physical Society (APS)
IS - 8
VL - 134
SN - 0031-9007
SN - 1079-7114
ER -
BibTex
Cite this
BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy
@article{2025_Marzec,
author = {E Marzec and S. Ajimura and A Antonakis and M Botran and M. K. CHEOUN and J. H. Choi and J W Choi and J Y Choi and T Dodo and H. FURUTA and J.H. Goh and K. Haga and M. Harada and S. Hasegawa and Y. Hino and T. Hiraiwa and W. Hwang and T Iida and E Iwai and S. Iwata and H. I. Jang and J. S. Jang and M C Jang and H.‐K. Jeon and S. H. Jeon and K. K. Joo and D. E. Jung and S.K. Kang and Y Kasugai and T. Kawasaki and E J Kim and J Y Kim and E.-M. Kim and S Y Kim and W. Kim and S. B. Kim and H. Kinoshita and T. Konno and K. Kuwata and D H Lee and S ( Lee and I. T. Lim and C. Little and T. Maruyama and S. Masuda and S. Meigo and S Monjushiro and D. H. Moon and T. NAKANO and M. Niiyama and others},
title = {First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
year = {2025},
volume = {134},
publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
month = {feb},
url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.081801},
number = {8},
pages = {081801},
doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.134.081801}
}
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