Mechanism of Rupture Formation of the Hanshin–Awaji Earthquake (Kobe, Japan) January 17, 1995, M 6.9

The paper presents the results of modeling the stress–strain state of the epicentral zone of the strong crustal Hanshin–Awaji earthquake, which occurred in the area of Kobe (Japan) on January 17, 1995, with a magnitude M of 6.9. In this work the author’s method for modelling and analyzing the stress–strain state of the epicentral zones of crustal earthquakes was used. The geological, tectonic, and seismological data for the earthquake region are used as input data and boundary conditions for modeling. In this work it is shown that the main rupture arising at the origin of the earthquake is generated in a zone of high stress intensity at a certain ratio of the main tectonic stresses and propagates through areas of anomalously high stress concentration, causing maximum displacements in these zones. The results provide new insights into the focal mechanism of an earthquake, aimed at predicting the location and magnitude of strong crustal earthquakes in earthquake-prone areas.