Kinetics of oxidative ammonolysis of 4-bromo-o-xylene: II. Formation of by-products

Kinetic laws of formation and expenditure of by-products in the oxidative ammonolysis of 4-bromo-o-xylene in the temperature range 633–693 K were studied. It was shown that 4-bromophthalimide formation at high concentration of ammonia occurs through hydrolysis of 4-bromophthalonitrile; carbon dioxide forms by oxidation of 4-bromo-o-xylene and decarboxylation of 4-bromophthalimide; 4-bromobenzonitrile originates from 4-bromo-o-tolunitrile and 4-bromophthalimide. At low concentration of ammonia additional formation routes of 4-bromophthalimide and CO2 from 4-bromo-o-xylene are realized.