Development of Spiro[chromane-2,4′-piperidine]-4(3H)-one Compounds in the Field of Medicinal Chemistry Research (A Review)

In the recent past, spiro[chromane-2,4′-piperidine]-4(3H)-one has been proven as one of the most valued scaffolds utilized by several medicinal chemists and pharmacologists to yield therapeutically effective biologicals. Spiro[chromane-2,4′-piperidine]-4(3H)-one is a member of the six-membered tricyclic molecule containing oxygen and nitrogen as hetero atoms. A spiro compounds is usually formed by the simultaneous reactions of condensation and cyclization. Owing to its versatile features, it has been incorporated in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals, bio-chemicals, sometimes even in the generation of hits as well as lead molecules. Chromanone-based spiro compounds have garnered a great deal of attention in recent years due to their presence in biologically active naturally derived compounds, such as vitamins, alkaloids, hormones, antibiotics, glycosides, and several other products. Compounds with the said backbone have shown their pharmacological potential as antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, antiplasmodial, antimalarial and antitumor. In addition to these, over the past few years, significant advancements in complex amido-piperidyl linked spiro heterocyclic chroman-4-ones have been continuously reported in pre-clinical and clinical investigations. This investigation highlights the remarkable development in the synthesis of spiro[chromane-2,4′-piperidine]-4(3H)-one-derived compounds over the past several years while focusing on the aspects of their therapeutical importance. In few cases plausible synthetic mechanism was also discussed.