On Laser-Induced High-Order Wave Mixing and Harmonic Generation in a Graphene Quantum Dot

We present results of numerical investigations of high-order wave mixing/harmonic generation (HWM/HHG) with many-body interaction processes derived by a strong two-frequency circular laser field in a graphene quantum dot (GQD). The influence of the relative phase of such a laser field on the spectrum of high-order harmonics generated in the GQD is shown. This may allow controlling the polarization of the generated harmonics. The GQD is described by the nearest neighbor tight-binding (TB) model. The multiparticle interaction is considered in an extended Hubbard approximation. We solve quantum kinetic equations in on-site representations for charged carriers by method have already applied by us, and obtain a general formula for high-order wave mixing/harmonic generation processes in GQD. The considerable enhancement of the HWM/HHG yield due to the matching of the symmetries of the light-wave–dot system takes place for the GQD with the particular group symmetry. The analysis of obtained results confirms enough efficiency of HWM/HHG in GQDs of the triangular and hexagonal shapes with zigzag edges at certain phases of a two-frequency circular laser field.