New-Generation Low-Toxic I–III–VI2 Quantum Dots in Chemical Analysis

Luminescent quantum dots (QDs) of I–III–VI₂ semiconductors present a new class of luminescence materials that combine unique optical and electronic properties while exhibiting low toxicity compared to conventional cadmium-based QDs. Advances in the colloidal synthesis of ternary QDs have been used to develop fluorescence chemical and biological sensors for the detection of various analytes. The review covers the main approaches to synthesizing QDs of the I–III–VI₂ structure, the features of their structure and properties, and current trends in their use as low-toxic luminescent labels in biomedicine and chemical analysis.