Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Studies of the Lamium galeobdolon L. (L.) Essential Oil

The current study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and bioactive properties of Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. After obtaining an ethanol extract, analysis of its chemical composition was carried out via gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), which identified 2(3H)-benzoxazolone, palmitic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, eicosane, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, and tetracosane as major components. In addition, the antioxidant and oxidant capacities of the essential oil were determined using the total antioxidant status (TAS) and the total oxidant status (TOS) kits, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) value was calculated from the ratio of the two. The OSI value of L. galeobdolon (L.) L. was found to be 0.987 arbitrary units (AU). Essential oil was obtained from the plant and the antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects of this oil were investigated. The antiproliferative activity was determined via MTT assay on the B16F10 cell line. The maximum cell death was observed as 88.9% at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. The antimicrobial activity was determined via the disc diffusion method. Accordingly, no antibacterial activity was found; however, the antifungal effect of the plant was significant.