BMJ, pages l4898

RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials

Jeff Land ^{1, 2}

Jelena Savović ^{1, 3}

Matthew J. Page ⁴

Roy G. Elbers ¹

Natalie S. Blencowe ^{1, 2}

Isabelle Boutron ^{5, 6, 7}

Christopher J Cates ⁸

Hung-Yuan Cheng ^{1, 2}

Mark S Corbett ⁹

Sandra M Eldridge ¹⁰

Jonathan R. Emberson ¹¹

Miguel A. Hernán ¹²

Sally Hopewell ¹³

Asbjørn Hróbjartsson ^{14, 15, 16}

Daniela R. Junqueira ¹⁷

Peter Jüni ¹⁸

Jamie J Kirkham ¹⁹

Toby Lasserson ²⁰

Tianjing Li ²¹

Alexandra McAleenan ¹

Barnaby C. Reeves ^{2, 22}

Sasha Shepperd ²³

Ian Shrier ²⁴

Lesley A Stewart ⁹

Kate Tilling ^{1, 2, 25}

Ian R. White ²⁶

Penny F Whiting ^{1, 3}

Julian P.T. Higgins ^{1, 2, 3}

Show full list: 28 authors

Hide authors affiliations

Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS 2BN, UK |

NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK |

NIHR CLAHRC West, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK |

⁴

School of Public health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia |

⁵

METHODS team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Centre, INSERM UMR , Paris, France |

⁶

Paris Descartes University, Paris, France |

⁷

Cochrane France, Paris, France |

⁸

Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK |

⁹

Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK |

¹⁰

Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK |

¹¹

MRC Population Heath Research Unit, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK |

¹²

Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences of Technology, Boston, MA, USA |

¹³

Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK |

¹⁴

Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark |

¹⁵

Department of Clinical research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark |

¹⁶

OPEN Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark |

¹⁷

Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada |

¹⁸

Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |

¹⁹

Centre for Biostatistics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK |

²⁰

Editorial and Methods Department, Cochrane Central Executive, London, UK |

²¹

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA |

²²

Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |

²³

Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK |

²⁴

Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |

²⁵

MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |

²⁶

MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2019-08-28

BMJ

Journal: BMJ

scimago Q1

SJR: 2.803

CiteScore: 19.9

Impact factor: 93.6

ISSN: 09598146, 17561833, 09598138, 14685833, 00071447

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l4898

Copy DOI

General Engineering

Abstract

Assessment of risk of bias is regarded as an essential component of a systematic review on the effects of an intervention. The most commonly used tool for randomised trials is the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We updated the tool to respond to developments in understanding how bias arises in randomised trials, and to address user feedback on and limitations of the original tool.

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