Journal of the Electrochemical Society, volume 169, issue 1, pages 17506

An Ultra-Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Poly(Aniline) Based Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Bisphenol A in Synthetic Human Serum Specimen and Plastic Bottled Water Samples

S. Irem Kaya
Canan Armutcu
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2022-01-01
scimago Q1
wos Q2
SJR0.868
CiteScore7.2
Impact factor3.1
ISSN00134651, 19457111
Materials Chemistry
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Electrochemistry
Condensed Matter Physics
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Abstract

We explain the development of an ultra-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for rapid and selective determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in human serum and water samples. Electropolymerization of functional monomer aniline was performed in the presence of BPA by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to prepare a molecularly imprinted poly(aniline) based GCE sensor (MIP(ANI)/GCE). The developed MIP surface was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The MIP(ANI)/GCE sensor showed a highly sensitive performance with a linear range of 1.0 and 8.0 × 10−15 M. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 0.193 and 0.643 fM, respectively. The applicability of the MIP(ANI)/GCE was assessed by applying it to human serum and plastic bottled water samples. The LOD and LOQ values were calculated as 0.257 and 0.856 fM for the serum sample. Imprinting factor and interference studies were also carried out using similarly structured compounds and the most common interfering agents showing the selectivity of the MIP(ANI)/GCE sensor. Finally, the non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-based sensor was prepared to control the MIP(ANI)/GCE performance.

Bousoumah R., Leso V., Iavicoli I., Huuskonen P., Viegas S., Porras S.P., Santonen T., Frery N., Robert A., Ndaw S.
2021-08-01 citations by CoLab: 123 Abstract  
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are endocrine disrupting chemicals widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and thermal papers. The aim of the review was to identify occupational studies using human biomonitoring (HBM) as a tool for bisphenol exposure assessment and to characterize research gaps on the topic as part of the HBM4EU project. Hence, a systematic literature search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was conducted for articles published between 2000 and 27th March 2020 across three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science). Thirty studies on the occupational HBM of BPA met the inclusion criteria. Regarding BPS and BPF, only 4 and 2 publications were retrieved, respectively. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of the studies selected for BPA were conducted in Asia whereas half of BPS and BPF studies were undertaken in Europe. Studies on BPA in plastic and epoxy resin sectors were infrequent in Europe while Asian data showed higher exposure when the substance is employed as raw material. The main data on BPS were among cashiers while BPF data were available from incinerator workers. Several research gaps have been identified: (i) shortage of HBM studies on occupational exposure, especially to BPS and BPF; (ii) different methodological designs making suitable comparisons between studies difficult; and (iii) only few studies conducted on the industrial applications of bisphenols outside Asia. This review highlights the lack of recent occupational HBM studies on bisphenols and the need for a harmonized approach to acquire reliable data. Considering the increasing replacement of BPA by BPS and BPF, it is of relevance to evaluate the exposure to these substances and the impact of the available risk management measures on workers exposure and possible health risk. • Review of human biomonitoring studies on occupational exposure to BPA, BPS and BPF. • Further research on occupational exposure to bisphenols by biomonitoring tools needed. • Harmonized approach for sample collection and analysis required. • Future research work needs to consider the co-exposure to several bisphenols. • Workplace contribution to the overall exposure to bisphenols should also be provided.
Lei X., Deng Z., Zeng Y., Huang S., Yang Y., Wang H., Guo L., Li L.
2021-07-01 citations by CoLab: 38 Abstract  
A novel composite of conductive metal organic framework and molecularly imprinted poly (ionic liquid) (CMOF-MIPIL) was prepared for highly sensitive detection of bisphenol A (BPA). Ni-based CMOFs with various organic ligands, i.e., 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene, hexa-aminobenzene, and 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene were synthesized. The electrochemical properties of the obtained Ni-based CMOFs were investigated. The results demonstrated that Ni3(HITP)2 had the highest conductivity and largest effective surface area. CMOF-MIPIL was then prepared with Ni3(HITP)2 as supporter, BPA as template, and ILs as monomer and cross-linker. Under optimal conditions, CMOF-MIPIL sensor exhibited a linear range of BPA detection from 0.005 to 5.0 μM. The detection limit was 4.0 nM. Compared with MIPIL, Ni3(HITP)2, and CMOF-NIPIL-based sensors, the performance of this sensor for BPA detection was superior due to the excellent conductivity and the presence of specific recognition sites. In addition, CMOF-MIPIL sensor had excellent selectivity for BPA. The proposed assay was used for detection of BPA in environmental water samples, plastic bottle and fresh liquid milk samples with success.
Jiang L., Santiago I., Foord J.
Carbon scimago Q1 wos Q1
2021-04-01 citations by CoLab: 44 Abstract  
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical found in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins which is biologically harmful and toxicologically relevant at low doses. Electrochemical sensors offer rapid and accurate detection of bisphenols but suffer from electrode fouling. Boron-doped diamond is known for its exceptional capability to resist chemical fouling due to the weak molecular adsorption of s p 3 carbon. In this work, we use nanodiamond to overcome electrode fouling and detect BPA with a low detection limit at 5 nM. Further, we demonstrate the use of nanocarbon-modified electrodes for BPA detection. One-time use nanocarbon electrodes detect BPA through direct oxidation of BPA in a sensitive and reproducible fashion. For continuous monitoring of BPA, we introduce a new approach based on the detection of the by-product of BPA oxidation, hydroquinone (HQ), which acts as a proxy for BPA quantitation without the need of electrode replacement. These findings aim to tackle the challenges of increasing concern of BPA food and water contamination, as an alternative to the more costly and time consuming central laboratory tests. • Electrode fouling limits the use of electrochemical Bisphenol A (BPA) sensors but can be minimised using carbon electrodes. • We developed a low-fouling, highly sensitive and reliable continuous BPA monitoring system based on boron-doped nanodiamond. • Novel nanocarbon-modified electrodes detect BPA as an easy-to-use and low-cost sensor by directly oxidising BPA. • We monitor BPA concentration by detecting the BPA oxidation by-product, different from traditional electrochemical sensors.
Baghayeri M., Amiri A., Fayazi M., Nodehi M., Esmaeelnia A.
Materials Chemistry and Physics scimago Q1 wos Q2
2021-03-01 citations by CoLab: 97 Abstract  
In the present study, a novel electrochemical sensor based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by multi-walled carbon nanotubes/copper ferrite (MWCNTs/CuFe2O4) nanocomposite was introduced for detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The nanocomposite was prepared by citrate sol-gel method and then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) systems. Electrochemical characterizations of the bare and modified electrodes were explored with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Also, the peak current of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of BPA was increased linearly with its concentration in the ranges of 0.01–120 μM with a low detection limit of 3.2 nM (S/N = 3). Good selectivity and acceptable reproducibility were also attained on the proposed sensor. Finally, this sensor was successfully employed for the BPA determination in different real samples.
Jebril S., Cubillana-Aguilera L., Palacios-Santander J.M., Dridi C.
2021-02-01 citations by CoLab: 65 Abstract  
Herein, we report an eco-friendly electrochemical bisphenol A (BPA) sensor based on carbon black (CB) and gold sononanoparticles (AuSNPs) nanocomposite-modified Sonogel-Carbon electrode (SNGCE). The AuSNPs were synthesized by a novel green approach employing olive leaves extract and assisted by high energy ultrasound. The AuSNPs was characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, SEM and STEM. The formation of AuSNPs was confirmed by UV–Vis, which showed an absorption peak at 532 nm. The FTIR analysis identified the bioactive molecules present in the olive leaves which were responsible for the bioreduction and capping of the nanoparticles. STEM results evidenced the polymorphic nature of the biosynthesized AuSNPs and the average size of about 14 ± 1, 39 ± 5 and 20 ± 1 nm, respectively for spherical, triangular and hexagonal nanoparticles. The CB/AuSNPs/SNGCE sensor for BPA determination showed higher electroactivity, with the highest sensitivity, and a rather low limit of detection (LOD, n = 3) of 60 nM at the BPA concentration range of 0.5–15 μM, thanks to the synergic combination of green AuSNPs and CB as cost-effective nanomaterials. Furthermore, our developed sensor showed an excellent selectivity towards different interferents. Besides, the analytical sensor was successfully applied for the determination of BPA in tap and mineral water samples.
Kim M., Song Y.E., Xiong J., Kim K., Jang M., Jeon B., Kim J.R.
2021-01-01 citations by CoLab: 30 Abstract  
2,2-Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A) is a precursor in many industrial and manufactural resins, plastics, and polycarbonate, as well as an endocrine disruptor in humans and animals. Therefore, the real-time sensing and in-situ removal of BPA are in strong demand. This study evaluated a method for the electrochemical detection of BPA using a carbon felt electrode. BPA was detected by cyclic voltammetry. During detection, the BPA was electropolymerized to a non-conductive lump and layer on the electrode surface. Simultaneously, the capacitance and electrochemical properties of the carbon felt decreased. The peak current and BPA concentration showed a linear correlation; the estimated detection limit was 4.78 × 10 −7 M. The BPA-electropolymerized carbon felt could be regenerated successfully by ultrasonication. The detection and quantification of BPA in real water samples showed satisfactory recoveries of 98.4–101.0%. The carbon felt-based electrochemical analysis exhibited high sensitivity and reusability, making it applicable to the in-situ and on-site detection and removal of endocrine disruptors, such as BPA. • BPA was detected electrochemically without a complicated synthesis process. • Carbon felt could remove BPA from suspension by electropolymerization. • BPA was electropolymerized to a non-conductive lump on the carbon surface. • Sonication could regenerate the carbon felt by removing the polymeric BPA film. • The electrochemical detection limit of BPA was 4.78 × 10 −7 M.
Rasheed P.A., Pandey R.P., Jabbar K.A., Mahmoud K.A.
2021-01-01 citations by CoLab: 53 Abstract  
This paper evaluates the electrochemical performance of platinum nanoparticles/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite (Pt@Ti3C2Tx) towards environmental sensing applications. The nanocomposite was prepared by self-reduction of Pt salt to Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) on the surface of delaminated Ti3C2Tx nanosheets, in which Ti3C2Tx simultaneously acted as reducing agent as well as conductive matrix. The Pt@Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites with different Pt loading have been electrochemically characterized and it was found that 10%Pt@Ti3C2Tx has the highest electrochemical activity in the anodic potential window. Hence, 10%Pt@Ti3C2Tx has been used to develop an electrochemical sensor for the detection of Bisphenol A (BPA), which is one of the common environmental pollutants. At the optimal conditions, the oxidation peak of BPA was proportional to the analyte concentration from 50 nM to 5 μM with a detection limit of 32 nM. The practical application of the proposed sensor was successfully evaluated in drinking water and fresh milk samples.
Bodur S., Erarpat S., Dalgıç Bozyiğit G., Selali Chormey D., Öz E., Özdoğan N., Bakırdere S.
Microchemical Journal scimago Q1 wos Q1
2020-12-01 citations by CoLab: 23 Abstract  
A sensitive, accurate and precise methodology was established for the preconcentration and determination of bisphenol A in bottled water and wastewater samples at trace levels. A binary solvent liquid phase microextraction (BSLPME) method was optimized to extract bisphenol A before determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The type of binary solvent/disperser solvent, vortex period and mode of adding extraction and disperser solvent mixture to aqueous solution were determined by univariate optimization. Three significant parameters including volume of binary solvent, volume of dispersive solvent and ratio of binary solvent were optimized using Box-Behnken Design. Low limit of detection (0.30 ng/g) and limit of quantitation (0.99 ng/g) values were recorded for the BSLPME-GC-MS method. Hence, 173 times enhancement in the detection limit of the GC-MS system was achieved by the developed microextraction method. Quadrupole isotope dilution (ID4) strategy was used to augment the extraction method to achieve high accuracy and precision. When the developed BSLPME method was combined with the ID4 strategy, bottled water and wastewater samples spiked at approximately 200 ng/g recorded excellent recovery results of 100.3 ± 0.4% and 100.0 ± 0.5%, respectively. Therefore, accurate and precise determination of bisphenol A at trace levels was achieved by a low cost, rapid and green analytical method.
Fadillah G., Triana S., Chasanah U., Saleh T.A.
2020-12-01 citations by CoLab: 22 Abstract  
A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based TiO2-nanorods modified carbon paste electrode (CPE/TiO2 NRs) for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in bottled water was successfully studied. The synthesized TiO2 NRs and the modified sensor were fabricated by simple methods and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The electrocatalytic activity of the modified sensor was studied by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in a 0.01 M [Fe(CN)6]3−/4- in 0.1 M NaCl. The composition of TiO2 NRs, pH of BPA solution, and scan rate have been investigated. The linear range of detection for BPA using the CPE/TiO2 NRs was found to be between 6 × 10−4 M and 10−2 M with a limit of detection of 0.08 μM. The modified sensor was successfully applied for the determination of BPA in a real sample bottled drinking water with excellent stability, repeatability, and good agreement results compared to other methods.
Cui B., Liu P., Liu X., Liu S., Zhang Z.
2020-11-01 citations by CoLab: 86 Abstract  
The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a kind of polymers formed by the size, shape and specific functional groups of the template molecule. MIPs are widely used in various fields, especially in molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors (MIECS) due to their unique structure and specific recognition capability. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent advances of MIECS reported in recent years for the detection of organic compounds, metal ions, emerging pollutants and biomolecules. We focus on the preparation, structures and components of sensing systems, and demonstrate the improvement of detection performances such as sensitivity and selectivity. Finally, the rational summaries, present challenges and future prospects in the field of MIECS have been discussed reasonably.
Huang M., Liu S., Fu L., Jiang X., Yang M.
Chemosphere scimago Q1 wos Q1
2020-08-01 citations by CoLab: 124 Abstract  
Bisphenol A (BPA) is gradually being replaced by presumably safer analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), due to its toxic, endocrine disrupting and possible carcinogenic effects. Although these bisphenols are widely used to produce a variety of everyday household items, the effects of BPA and its analogues on oxidative stress and cellular energy metabolism of the female reproductive system are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress, biomacromolecular damage and changes in calcium ion (Ca2+) levels induced by BPA and its substitutes on KGN cells, which are maintain physiological characteristics of ovarian granulosa cells. We have observed that BPA and BPAF significantly reduced the viability of KGN cells, while BPS and BPF exhibited a slight toxic effect on the cells. The levels of intracellular ROS production and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in KGN cells after treatment with high concentrations of BPA and its analogues. In addition, we found that the damage to biomacromolecules, which are the main targets of oxidative stress was significantly increased after treatment with BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF. The intracellular Ca2+ levels in KGN cells were significantly increased after exposure to high concentrations of BPA and BPAF, respectively. These results suggest that BPA and its analogues may play different roles in regulating the biologic functions of granulosa cells and the process of ovarian follicular development.
Regasa M.B., Refera Soreta T., Femi O.E., C. Ramamurthy P.
ACS Omega scimago Q2 wos Q2 Open Access
2020-02-18 citations by CoLab: 46 PDF Abstract  
Simple, fast, and sensitive molecularly imprinted composite thin-film-based electrochemical sensor developed by using in situ co-electropolymerization of aniline and acrylic acid in the presence of melamine as a template is described here. The prepolymerization complex formation was studied by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry, while the film formation was performed and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimization of important parameters and removal of melamine generated the binding sites in the polymer matrix, which can recognize melamine specifically. Electrochemical measurements were performed to achieve the linear range, the limit of quantification, and limit of detection of 0.1-180, 0.0573, and 0.0172 nM, respectively. The sensitivity of the sensor was attributed to the synergistic effects of amine from aniline and the carboxylic group from acrylic acid to form multiple noncovalent interactions with the template. Melamine-spiked infant formula and raw milk were analyzed by the developed sensor, and the recovery range of 95.87-105.63% with a relative standard deviation of 1.11-2.23% was obtained. The results showed that the developed sensor using the new composite polymer receptor is promising for the online monitoring of melamine in the food industries in the future.
Russo G., Barbato F., Mita D.G., Grumetto L.
Food and Chemical Toxicology scimago Q1 wos Q1
2019-09-01 citations by CoLab: 122 Abstract  
Bisphenol A and its analogues belong to the class of endocrine disrupting chemicals, massively employed by industries to produce polycarbonate and epoxy resins, designed to be in direct contact with foodstuffs. Their leaching from the canned packaging into its content results in food contamination. This review aims at offering a country-specific overview of the occurrence of bisphenols in six main categories of foodstuff marketed in the EU, based on monitoring studies performed in the 27 EU countries for which data are available and prevalently published in the last five years. The general overview of the literature data shows that concentration values of BPs detected into foodstuff is lower in Northern Europe than Southern Europe. A probable daily intake was hypothesized for some countries to provide an EU population exposure assessment. The consumption of canned meat and vegetables is responsible of PDI values higher than those of other food categories. These data emphasize that food and beverage monitoring should deserve greater attention especially by European countries for which no studies are available and especially with regards to bisphenols other than BPA whose limits are not set by the European regulations and whose toxicity has not been fully established.
Kubiak A., Biesaga M.
2019-06-14 citations by CoLab: 21 Abstract  
Bisphenols are the most-known endocrine disrupting compounds. Due to the possible migration of these compounds from plastics used as food packaging, the food may become contaminated. During past ye...
Noszczyńska M., Piotrowska-Seget Z.
Chemosphere scimago Q1 wos Q1
2018-06-01 citations by CoLab: 133 Abstract  
Numerous data indicate that most of bisphenols (BPs) are endocrine disrupters and exhibit cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity against vertebrates. Nevertheless, they are widely applied in material production what result in their ubiquitous occurrence in ecosystems. While BPA is the most frequently detected in environment, BPAF, BPF and BPS are also often found. Ecosystem particularly exposed to BPs pollution is industrial and municipal wastewater being a common source of BPA in river waters. Different techniques to remove BPs from these ecosystems have been applied, among which biodegradation seems to be the most effective. In this review the current state of knowledge in the field of BPs application, distribution in the environment, effects on animal and human health, and biodegradation mediated by bacterial populations in wastewater treatment plants and rivers is presented.
Keçeci A., Koçak B., İpek Y.
2024-10-25 citations by CoLab: 0 Abstract  
Promising clinical results were obtained in the treatment of coronavirus disease by using favipiravir, umifenovir, remdesivir, ribavirin, lopinavir–ritonavir, oseltamivir, etc., antiviral drug active agents. In this study, quantitative analysis of oseltamivir neuraminidase inhibitor was carried out using electrochemical techniques. DNA-based electrochemical biosensors are generally used for analysis of anticancer and antitumor medicines. The present study introduces a novel DNA-based electrochemical sensor for neuraminidase inhibitor drug oseltamivir. The developed sensor enables the analysis of oseltamivir in a more environmentally friendly, more economical and faster way. It can be used in quality control laboratories in tablet production and will provide traceability of the drug in drug development studies and analysis in urine samples. For this purpose, a modified glassy carbon electrode was used as a working electrode. The glassy carbon electrodes alone cannot detect the oseltamivir. Guanine base, which was determined to interact with oseltamivir and found in the deoxyribonucleic acid structure, was used as an electrochemical biosensor agent. The guanine base was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode using glutardialdehyde as a crosslinker material and GA2–Guanine/GCE electrode was achieved. Two working ranges were determined for the Britton-Robinson buffer solution, tablet sample, and urine sample containing oseltamivir. The lowest detection limits (LODs) were calculated as 7.16 × 10−9 mol L−1, 9.05 × 10−9 mol L−1 and 6.19 × 10−6 mol L−1 for Britton-Robinson buffer solution, tablet sample solution, and urine sample solution, respectively. The recovery ratio for the proposed sensor ranged between 86.6 and 103.5%.
Yıldız E., Cetinkaya A., Çorman M.E., Atici E.B., Uzun L., Ozkan S.A.
Bioelectrochemistry scimago Q2 wos Q2
2024-08-01 citations by CoLab: 2 Abstract  
Herein, we proposed a new approach to design a MIP-based electrochemical sensor with carbon nanofiber (CNF), which could improve its conductivities as well as electrode sensitivity and successful detection of dasatinib (DAS). CNFs are capable of forming high porosity with significant interconnected porous networks. The poly(2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-tyrosine) (PHEMA-MATyr) copolymer was synthesized in the presence of both CNF and DAS by photopolymerization. After optimization of the parameters, the modified MIP-based electrochemical sensor demonstrated the ability to determine the DAS in the linear working range of 1.0 × 10−14–1.0 × 10–13 M for the standard solution and commercial serum samples with a LOD of 1.76 × 10−15 and 2.46 × 10−15, respectively. Good linearity for DAS was observed with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.996 and 0.997 for the standard solution and commercial serum samples, respectively. The recoveries of the DAS ranged from 99.45 % to 99.53 % for the tablet dosage form and commercial serum samples, with average relative standard deviations below 1.96 % in both cases. The proposed modified sensor demonstrated significant sensitivity and selectivity for the rapid determination of DAS in commercial serum samples and tablet form.
Karim A., Yasser M., Ahmad A., Natsir H., Wahid Wahab A., Fauziah S., Taba P., Pratama I., Rosalin, Rajab A., Nur Fitriani Abubakar A., Widayati Putri T., Munadi R., Fudhail Majid A., Nur A., et. al.
2024-04-01 citations by CoLab: 12 Abstract  
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter in the human nervous system. Abnormal dopamine conditions can cause diseases such as Parkinson's, stimulating studies to develop electrochemical methods that are real time, sensitive, and selective compared with traditional methods. This review begins by exploring the various types of electrode modifications used in the development of dopamine sensors, such as the combination of enzymes, aptamers, inorganic materials and derivates, metal oxides, noble metals and molecularly imprinted polymers. Enzyme-based dopamine sensors use specific enzymes to recognize and detect dopamine with high specificity towards dopamine. Aptamer-based sensors employ DNA or RNA aptamers as recognition elements that selectively bind dopamine. MIP-based sensors utilize synthetic polymers imprinted with dopamine molecules to achieve selective recognition. The use of inorganic molecules such as graphene, noble metals, and metal oxides can enhance sensor performance by improving the sensitivity and stability of bioreceptors, with even inorganic materials like reduced graphene oxide (rGO) capable of serving as sole modifiers for electrochemical sensor modification. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each sensor type and proposes future research directions, including optimization of sensor fabrication techniques and exploration of new nanomaterials to enhance the performance of electrochemical dopamine sensors.
Ok J., Park S., Jung Y.H., Kim T.
Advanced Materials scimago Q1 wos Q1
2023-11-20 citations by CoLab: 39 Abstract  
AbstractCortisol is a steroid hormone that is released from the body in response to stress. Although a moderate level of cortisol secretion can help the body maintain homeostasis, excessive secretion can cause various diseases, such as depression and anxiety. Conventional methods for cortisol measurement undergo procedures that limit continuous monitoring, typically collecting samples of bodily fluids, followed by separate analysis in a laboratory setting that takes several hours. Thus, recent studies demonstrate wearable, miniaturized sensors integrated with electronic modules that enable wireless real‐time analysis. Here, the primary focus is on wearable and implantable electronic devices that continuously measure cortisol concentration. Diverse types of cortisol‐sensing techniques, such as antibody‐, DNA‐aptamer‐, and molecularly imprinted polymer‐based sensors, as well as wearable and implantable devices that aim to continuously monitor cortisol in a minimally invasive fashion are discussed. In addition to the cortisol monitors that directly measure stress levels, other schemes that indirectly measure stress, such as electrophysiological signals and sweat are also summarized. Finally, the challenges and future directions in stress monitoring and management electronics are reviewed.
Pan Y., Wu M., Shi M., Shi P., Zhao N., Zhu Y., Karimi-Maleh H., Ye C., Lin C., Fu L.
Sensors scimago Q1 wos Q2 Open Access
2023-10-23 citations by CoLab: 2 PDF Abstract  
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical used extensively in plastics and resins. However, its endocrine-disrupting properties pose risks to human health and the environment. Thus, accurate and rapid detection of BPA is crucial for exposure monitoring and risk mitigation. Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors (MIES) have emerged as a promising tool for BPA detection due to their high selectivity, sensitivity, affordability, and portability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in MIES for BPA detection. We discuss the operating principles, fabrication strategies, materials, and methods used in MIES. Key findings show that MIES demonstrate detection limits comparable or superior to conventional methods like HPLC and GC-MS. Selectivity studies reveal excellent discrimination between BPA and structural analogs. Recent innovations in nanomaterials, novel monomers, and fabrication techniques have enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. However, limitations exist in reproducibility, selectivity, and stability. While challenges remain, MIES provide a low-cost portable detection method suitable for on-site BPA monitoring in diverse sectors. Further optimization of sensor fabrication and characterization will enable the immense potential of MIES for field-based BPA detection.
Milić N., Milanović M., Drljača J., Sudji J., Milošević N.
Separations scimago Q3 wos Q3 Open Access
2023-03-24 citations by CoLab: 5 PDF Abstract  
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are xenobiotics presented in a variety of everyday products that may disrupt the normal activity of hormones. Exposure to bisphenol A as EDC at trace and ultra-trace levels is associated with adverse health effects, and children are recognized as the most vulnerable group to EDCs exposure. In this review, a summary is presented of up-to-date sample preparation methods and instrumental techniques applied for the detection and quantification of bisphenol A and its structural analogues in various biological matrices. Biological matrices such as blood, cell-free blood products, urine, saliva, breast milk, cordial blood, amniotic and semen fluids, as well as sweat and hair, are very complex; therefore, the detection and later quantification of bisphenols at low levels present a real analytical challenge. The most popular analytical approaches include gas and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and their enhanced reliability and sensitivity finally allow the separation and detection of bisphenols in biological samples, even as ultra-traces. Liquid/liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) are still the most common methods for their extraction from biological matrices. However, many modern and environmentally safe microextraction techniques are currently under development. The complexity of biological matrices and low concentrations of analytes are the main issues for the limited identification, as well as understanding the adverse health effects caused by chronical and ubiquitous exposure to bisphenols and its analogues.
Hu C., Wang Y., Wang Y., Guan M.
Environmental Chemistry scimago Q4 wos Q3
2023-03-02 citations by CoLab: 4 Abstract  
Environmental context Environmental oestrogens are a type of endocrine disruptor; their variety, wide range of sources and long-term accumulation in the environment seriously harm the environment ecology and human health. The specific identification, adsorption and detection of environmental oestrogens in the environment, food and drugs is of great significance. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have high stability under harsh chemical and physical conditions and involve simple preparation and low cost, which leads to great potential for practical applications. We summarise and discuss recent research advances and future developments of MIP-based monitoring technologies for environmental oestrogens. Abstract The growing persistence of environmental oestrogenic pollutants is a worrying concern because of their endocrine disrupting activities and potentially hazardous consequences on environmental matrices, ecology and human health. The long-term persistence of environmental oestrogens leads to their accumulation in the environment and organisms, which in turn reach humans through the food chain pathway. Chronic exposure to environmental oestrogens causes several serious health problems, such as infertility and breast cancer, and affects the development of children’s reproductive system, which illustrates the importance of monitoring and removing environmental oestrogens from the environment. The use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for that purpose has acquired a lot of traction in recent years. MIPs are artificial antibodies with selective recognition cavities for specifically targeted substances. They are created using a variety of imprinted polymerisation methods and employed in various pretreatment techniques and numerous types of sensors to be used in a wide range of applications. In this review, we introduce different production methods of MIPs and various analytical strategies for the detection and analysis of environmental oestrogens using MIPs, such as HPLC, electrochemical and optical sensors. Finally, the advantages and limitations of various MIP-based analytical techniques are compared, and the expected future trends and future developments are discussed.
Yarkaeva Y., Maistrenko V., Dymova D., Zagitova L., Nazyrov M.
Electrochimica Acta scimago Q1 wos Q1
2022-11-01 citations by CoLab: 16 Abstract  
• To AMX determination, sensors based on molecular imprinted PANI and PMOA were developed. • PANI and PMOA were obtained through electrochemical polymerization. • The interaction energy of AMX-PMOA complex is greater than AMX-PANI complex. • PMOA based MIP-sensor has a higher sensitivity, selectivity, and lower detection limit. • Proposed MIP-sensors determine AMX in urine and blood plasma with high accuracy. In this work, sensors based on molecular imprinted polyaniline (MIPANI) and poly-2-methoxyaniline (MIPMOA) for amoxicillin (AMX) determination were developed and compared with each other. MIPANI and MIPMOA were deposited on the surface of modified by graphene oxide (GO) glassy carbon electrode (GCE) through electrochemical polymerization using cyclic voltammetry, which was carried out in a 1 M sulfuric acid solution containing the corresponding monomer and amoxicillin as a template, followed by removal of the template. Using a scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the morphology and electrochemical properties of the modified surface of GCE were studied. The applying PANI and PMOA on the GCE/GO surface leads to a decrease in [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3-/4− currents. The electron transfer resistance on PMOA sensor (62 ± 4 Ω) is lower than on PANI sensor (71 ± 5 Ω). The areas of the electroactive surface of GCE/GO/PANI and GCE/GO/PMOA are 6.64 ± 0.12 mm 2 and 7.75 ± 0.14 mm 2 , respectively. After the removal of the AMX, the electron transfer rate increases due to the formation of pores in the polymers through which [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3-/4− ions penetrate. Using FTIR spectroscopy, it was shown that amoxicillin is incorporated into both polymer films. In this case, the binding of AMX to PMOA is stronger, which is confirmed by quantum chemical modeling. The optimal conditions for analysis were selected: the number of polymerization cycles was 7, the template concentration was 1 mM, and the pH of the analyzed solution was 7.00. Square wave voltammograms MIPANI and MIPMOA sensors show a pronounced electrooxidation peak, which are linear over the AMX concentration range of 1.0 × 10 −5 – 5.0 × 10 −3 and 5.0 × 10 −6 – 5.0 × 10 −3 M with detection limits of 2.6 × 10 −6 and 6.1 × 10 −7 M, respectively. It is shown that the MIPMOA sensor exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity to AMX than MIPANI sensor, as well as high accuracy in determining AMX in urine and blood plasma.
Sun B., Gao C., Yang L., Shi H., Kan L., Ma Q., Shi X.
2022-07-28 citations by CoLab: 4 Abstract  
Identification and quantification of epigoitrin (EP) in some herbs and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations are critical to pharmacokinetic study and pharmaceutical quality control due to its distinct antiviral activity. So, developing highly sensitive and selective method for detection of EP is essential for clinical treatment and drug development. In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for detection of EP was firstly constructed. With acrylamide imprinting systems, surface imprinting on the polyaniline functionalized graphene oxide was employed to prepare molecularly imprinted polymer by electro-polymerization, which follow-up constructed afford specific binding cavities, endowing the exclusive recognition ability. Furthermore, the polyacrylamide chain is anchored to the polyaniline chain by covalent bonds, which is beneficial for raising electrochemistry signal. Under the optimized condition, the sensor demonstrates a linear wide range of 4.6 × 10−7 mol l−1 ∼ 4.6 × 10−5 mol l−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9953 and a low LOD of 8.21 × 10−8 mol l−1 (S/N = 3). Additionally, the sensor showed good stability, repeatability (RSD 1.52%) and selectivity. The method was applied to analyze EP in the extraction from Isatidis Radix with a recovery higher than 97.8% and RSD less than 1.81%. This work provided a novel strategy for on-site, real-time and rapid detection of indicator components from TCM.

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