Numerical simulation for electric field intensity and jet space of the quadratic spiral spinneret with auxiliary electrode

To produce a high quality electrostatic spinneret with low voltage requirements, low energy consumption, and narrow fiber diameter distribution, the mechanical model of the spinning unit of the fractal spiral spinneret was established by using the quadratic fractal spiral parametric equation. The established fractal spiral electrostatic spinning model was imported into COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis software, mesh division was performed on the model, multiple spinning units were combined to form the array spinneret, and the optimal parameters of the fractal structure were optimized. However, there are still two sides of the field intensity other than the middle field intensity of the high situation. In order to equalize the field intensity, we used the spinneret properties of the same disc auxiliary electrode and quadratic fractal spiral spinneret in a linear arrangement, and the auxiliary electrode and spinneret distance and spinneret radius of the two important parameters to optimize the simulation, resulting in obtaining a more uniform field intensity distribution of the quadratic fractal spiral spinneret electrospinning equipment. Based on the calculation of the fractional dimension of the Von Koch curve, the fractional dimension of the quadratic fractal spinneret was 1.77. The critical field intensity of the system was calculated to be 2.13 × 10⁶ V/m, and the jet space was 1.22–3.13 mm. The optimized quadratic fractal spinneret model with auxiliary electrode faced the receiving plate in the range of 60° from the left to the right of the spinning sites, –5 to 5 sites, which may emit the spinning jet.