Open Access

Journal of Behavioral Addictions

, volume 14 , issue 1 , pages 131-154

Identification and comprehensive characterization of moral disapproval and behavioral dysregulation-based pornography-use profiles across 42 countries

B. Bőthe ^{1, 2}

István Tóth-Király ³

Nevena Popova ¹

Léna Nagy ^{4, 5}

M. Koós ⁶

Zsolt Demetrovics ^{5, 7, 8}

Marc N. Potenza ^{9, 10, 11}

Shane W. Kraus ¹²

Rafael Ballester-Arnal ¹³

Dominik Batthyány ¹⁴

Sophie Bergeron ^{1, 2}

Joël Billieux ^{15, 16}

Peer Briken ¹⁷

Julius Burkauskas ¹⁸

Georgina Cárdenas-López ¹⁹

Joana Carvalho ²⁰

Jesús Castro-Calvo ²¹

LIJUN CHEN ²²

Giacomo Ciocca ²³

Ornella Corazza ^{24, 25}

Rita I. Csako ²⁶

Andrea Czakó ⁸

David P Fernandez ²⁷

Elaine F Fernandez ²⁸

Hironobu Fujiwara ^{29, 30}

Johannes Fuss ³¹

Roman Gabrhelík ^{32, 33}

Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan ³⁴

Biljana Gjoneska ³⁵

Mateusz Gola ^{36, 37}

Hashim T Hashim ^{38, 39}

Md. Saiful Islam ^{40, 41}

Ismail Mustafa ³⁸

Martha C. Jiménez-Martínez ⁴²

Tanja Jurin ⁴³

Ondrej Kalina ⁴⁴

Verena Klein ⁴⁵

András Költő ⁴⁶

Chih-Ting Lee ⁴⁷

Lee Sang-Kyu ^{48, 49}

Karol Lewczuk ⁵⁰

Chung-Ying Lin ^{51, 52}

Christine Lochner ⁵³

Silvia López-Alvarado ⁵⁴

Kateřina Lukavská ^{32, 55}

Percy Mayta-Tristán ⁵⁶

Dan J. Miller ⁵⁷

Oľga Orosová ⁴⁴

Gábor Orosz ⁵⁸

Fernando P. Ponce ⁵⁹

Gonzalo R Quintana ⁶⁰

Gabriel C. Quintero Garzola ^{61, 62}

Jano Ramos-Diaz ⁶³

Kévin Rigaud ⁵⁸

Ann Rousseau ⁶⁴

Marco De Tubino Scanavino ^{65, 66, 67}

Marion K. Schulmeyer ⁶⁸

Pratap Sharan ⁶⁹

Mami Shibata ⁷⁰

Sheikh Shoib ^{71, 72, 73}

Vera Sigre-Leirós ¹⁵

Luke Sniewski ⁷⁴

Ognen Spasovski ⁷⁵

Vesta Steibliene ¹⁸

Dan J. Stein ⁷⁶

Aleksandar Štulhofer ⁷⁷

Berk C Ünsal ^{4, 5}

Marie-Pier Vaillancourt-Morel ^{2, 78}

Marie Claire Van Hout ⁷⁹

Joshua B. Grubbs ^{80, 81}

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 81 affiliations

Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada |

Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur les Problèmes Conjugaux et les Agressions Sexuelles (CRIPCAS), Canada |

Substantive Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada |

⁴

Doctoral School of Psychology, Elte Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary |

⁵

Institute of Psychology, Elte Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary |

⁶

Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, Center for Translational Neuro-and Behavioral Science, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany |

⁷

Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia |

⁸

Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar |

⁹

Yale University School Of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA |

¹⁰

Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA |

¹¹

Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA |

¹²

Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA |

¹³

Departmento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, University Jaume I of Castellón, Spain |

¹⁴

Institute for Behavioural Addictions, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Austria |

¹⁵

Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |

¹⁶

Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland |

¹⁷

Institute for Sex Research, SexualMedicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany |

¹⁸

Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania |

¹⁹

Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory, School of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico |

²⁰

William James Center for Research, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal |

²¹

Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain |

²²

Department of Psychology, College of Humanity and Social Science, Fuzhou University, China |

²³

Section of Sexual Psychopathology, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy |

²⁴

Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom |

²⁵

Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy |

²⁶

Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand |

²⁷

Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom |

²⁸

HELP University, Malaysia |

²⁹

Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |

³⁰

Decentralized Big Data Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan, & The General Research Division, Osaka University Research Center on Ethical, Legal and Social Issues, Osaka, Japan

Osaka University

RIKEN-Institute of Physical and Chemical Research

³¹

Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany |

³²

Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Addictology, Prague, Czech Republic |

³³

General University Hospital in Prague, Department of Addictology, Czech Republic |

³⁴

School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel |

³⁵

Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Republic of North Macedonia |

³⁶

Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland |

³⁷

Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, USA |

³⁸

University of Baghdad, College of Medicine, Iraq |

³⁹

University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, College of Medicine, Karbala, Iraq |

⁴⁰

Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh |

⁴¹

Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh |

⁴²

Universidad Pedagógca y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia |

⁴³

Department of Psychology, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia |

⁴⁴

Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia |

⁴⁵

School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom |

⁴⁶

Health Promotion Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland |

⁴⁷

Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, TAIWAN |

⁴⁸

Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea |

⁴⁹

Chuncheon Addiction Management Center, South Korea |

⁵⁰

Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland |

⁵¹

Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, TAIWAN |

⁵²

Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan |

⁵³

SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Stellenbosch University, South Africa

Stellenbosch University

South African Medical Research Council

⁵⁴

Faculty of Psychology, University of Cuenca, Ecuador |

⁵⁵

Department of psychology, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic |

⁵⁶

Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú |

⁵⁷

College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Australia |

⁵⁸

Artois University, France |

⁵⁹

Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Talca, Chile |

⁶⁰

Departamento de Psicología y Filosofía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica y Parinacota, Chile |

⁶¹

Florida State University, Republic of Panama |

⁶²

Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama |

⁶³

Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú |

⁶⁴

Leuven School for Mass Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |

⁶⁵

Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care London. London, ON, Canada. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada |

⁶⁶

Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Excessive Sexual Drive and Prevention of Negative Outcomes associated to Sexual Behavior Outpatient Unit (AISEP), Brazil |

⁶⁷

Experimental Pathophysiology Post Graduation Program, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil |

⁶⁸

Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia |

⁶⁹

Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India |

⁷⁰

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |

⁷¹

Department of Psychology, Shardha University, India |

⁷²

Department of Health Services, Srinagar, 190001, India |

⁷³

Psychosis Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran |

⁷⁴

Compassionate Inquiry, New Zealand |

⁷⁵

Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia |

⁷⁶

SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town

University of Cape Town

South African Medical Research Council

⁷⁷

Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia |

⁷⁸

Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada |

⁷⁹

Public Health Institute, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom |

⁸⁰

Center on Alcohol, Substance use, And Addictions University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA |

⁸¹

Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2025-03-28

Akademiai Kiado

Journal of Behavioral Addictions

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 2.260

CiteScore: 11.6

Impact factor: 6.2

ISSN: 20625871, 20635303

DOI: 10.1556/2006.2024.00054

Copy DOI

Abstract

Background and aims

The Moral Incongruence Model of Pornography Use proposes that pornography-use-related problems may be present due to problematic pornography use (PPU) and/or moral disapproval (MD) of pornography use. Despite some supporting empirical evidence, no study has tested the presence of different pornography-use profiles based on individuals' behavioral dysregulation (i.e., PPU) and moral values concerning pornography use. The generalizability of previous findings to diverse populations has also been limited given the scarcity of studies conducted outside of Western countries.

Methods

Using data from the International Sex Survey (42 countries, N = 66,994; M_age = 32.16 years, SD = 12.27), we conducted latent profile analysis to identify pornography-use profiles based on individuals' frequency of use, MD, and PPU. The profiles were compared along a wide range of pornography-use-related, sexuality-related, and psychological correlates.

Results

Six pornography-use profiles were identified, including two increased risk groups (i.e., Increased risk of PPU without MD and Increased risk of PPU with some MD). Several factors differentiated between the increased risk vs. no/low risk profiles (e.g., relatedness satisfaction) as well as between the two increased risk profiles (e.g., religiosity). Apart from behavioral dysregulation, moral values concerning pornography use played an important role in distinguishing pornography-use profiles and demonstrated the importance of inquiring about MD when working with individuals with pornography-use-related problems.

Conclusion

Findings also support recent calls for better-integrated sex therapy and sexual medicine perspectives into pornography-use-related problems research and care.

Found

Top-30

Journals

	1
Journal of Behavioral Addictions	Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 1, 33.33% Journal of Behavioral Addictions 1 publication, 33.33%
Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy	Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 1, 33.33% Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy 1 publication, 33.33%
Sexuality and Culture	Sexuality and Culture, 1, 33.33% Sexuality and Culture 1 publication, 33.33%
	1

Publishers

	1
Akademiai Kiado	Akademiai Kiado, 1, 33.33% Akademiai Kiado 1 publication, 33.33%
Taylor & Francis	Taylor & Francis, 1, 33.33% Taylor & Francis 1 publication, 33.33%
Springer Nature	Springer Nature, 1, 33.33% Springer Nature 1 publication, 33.33%
	1

We do not take into account publications without a DOI.
Statistics recalculated weekly.

Are you a researcher?

Create a profile to get free access to personal recommendations for colleagues and new articles.

Metrics

Cite this

GOST |

Cite this

GOST Copy

Bőthe B. et al. Identification and comprehensive characterization of moral disapproval and behavioral dysregulation-based pornography-use profiles across 42 countries // Journal of Behavioral Addictions. 2025. Vol. 14. No. 1. pp. 131-154.

GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy

RIS |

Cite this

RIS Copy

TY - JOUR

DO - 10.1556/2006.2024.00054

UR - https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/aop/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054.xml

TI - Identification and comprehensive characterization of moral disapproval and behavioral dysregulation-based pornography-use profiles across 42 countries

T2 - Journal of Behavioral Addictions

AU - Bőthe, B.

AU - Tóth-Király, István

AU - Popova, Nevena

AU - Nagy, Léna

AU - Koós, M.

AU - Demetrovics, Zsolt

AU - Potenza, Marc N.

AU - Kraus, Shane W.

AU - Ballester-Arnal, Rafael

AU - Batthyány, Dominik

AU - Bergeron, Sophie

AU - Billieux, Joël

AU - Briken, Peer

AU - Burkauskas, Julius

AU - Cárdenas-López, Georgina

AU - Carvalho, Joana

AU - Castro-Calvo, Jesús

AU - CHEN, LIJUN

AU - Ciocca, Giacomo

AU - Corazza, Ornella

AU - Csako, Rita I.

AU - Czakó, Andrea

AU - Fernandez, David P

AU - Fernandez, Elaine F

AU - Fujiwara, Hironobu

AU - Fuss, Johannes

AU - Gabrhelík, Roman

AU - Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret

AU - Gjoneska, Biljana

AU - Gola, Mateusz

AU - Hashim, Hashim T

AU - Islam, Md. Saiful

AU - Mustafa, Ismail

AU - Jiménez-Martínez, Martha C.

AU - Jurin, Tanja

AU - Kalina, Ondrej

AU - Klein, Verena

AU - Költő, András

AU - Lee, Chih-Ting

AU - Sang-Kyu, Lee

AU - Lewczuk, Karol

AU - Lin, Chung-Ying

AU - Lochner, Christine

AU - López-Alvarado, Silvia

AU - Lukavská, Kateřina

AU - Mayta-Tristán, Percy

AU - Miller, Dan J.

AU - Orosová, Oľga

AU - Orosz, Gábor

AU - Ponce, Fernando P.

AU - Quintana, Gonzalo R

AU - Quintero Garzola, Gabriel C.

AU - Ramos-Diaz, Jano

AU - Rigaud, Kévin

AU - Rousseau, Ann

AU - Scanavino, Marco De Tubino

AU - Schulmeyer, Marion K.

AU - Sharan, Pratap

AU - Shibata, Mami

AU - Shoib, Sheikh

AU - Sigre-Leirós, Vera

AU - Sniewski, Luke

AU - Spasovski, Ognen

AU - Steibliene, Vesta

AU - Stein, Dan J.

AU - Štulhofer, Aleksandar

AU - Ünsal, Berk C

AU - Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Pier

AU - Van Hout, Marie Claire

AU - Grubbs, Joshua B.

PY - 2025

DA - 2025/03/28

PB - Akademiai Kiado

SP - 131-154

IS - 1

VL - 14

SN - 2062-5871

SN - 2063-5303

ER -

BibTex |

Cite this

BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy

@article{2025_Bőthe,

author = {B. Bőthe and István Tóth-Király and Nevena Popova and Léna Nagy and M. Koós and Zsolt Demetrovics and Marc N. Potenza and Shane W. Kraus and Rafael Ballester-Arnal and Dominik Batthyány and Sophie Bergeron and Joël Billieux and Peer Briken and Julius Burkauskas and Georgina Cárdenas-López and Joana Carvalho and Jesús Castro-Calvo and LIJUN CHEN and Giacomo Ciocca and Ornella Corazza and Rita I. Csako and Andrea Czakó and David P Fernandez and Elaine F Fernandez and Hironobu Fujiwara and Johannes Fuss and Roman Gabrhelík and Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan and Biljana Gjoneska and Mateusz Gola and Hashim T Hashim and Md. Saiful Islam and Ismail Mustafa and Martha C. Jiménez-Martínez and Tanja Jurin and Ondrej Kalina and Verena Klein and András Költő and Chih-Ting Lee and Lee Sang-Kyu and Karol Lewczuk and Chung-Ying Lin and Christine Lochner and Silvia López-Alvarado and Kateřina Lukavská and Percy Mayta-Tristán and Dan J. Miller and Oľga Orosová and Gábor Orosz and Fernando P. Ponce and others},

title = {Identification and comprehensive characterization of moral disapproval and behavioral dysregulation-based pornography-use profiles across 42 countries},

journal = {Journal of Behavioral Addictions},

year = {2025},

volume = {14},

publisher = {Akademiai Kiado},

month = {mar},

url = {https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/aop/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054.xml},

number = {1},

pages = {131--154},

doi = {10.1556/2006.2024.00054}

}

MLA

Cite this

MLA Copy

Bőthe, B., et al. “Identification and comprehensive characterization of moral disapproval and behavioral dysregulation-based pornography-use profiles across 42 countries.” Journal of Behavioral Addictions, vol. 14, no. 1, Mar. 2025, pp. 131-154. https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/aop/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054/article-10.1556-2006.2024.00054.xml.

Publisher

Akademiai Kiado

Journal

Journal of Behavioral Addictions

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

2.260

CiteScore

11.6

Impact factor

6.2

ISSN

20625871 (Print)

20635303 (Electronic)

Profiles