Technology Parks in High Tech Sphere: New Legislation Analysis
The desire of our country to provide favorable conditions for the creation of competitive digital innovations and technologies is conditioned by the need to achieve technological sovereignty and ensure national security. In this regard, today it is extremely important to work on increasing the innovative activity of business entities, including through the creation of the innovation infrastructure they need, in particular technology parks. The paper is devoted to the study of the formation and development of technology parks in the world, as well as the genesis of their legal regulation in Russia. Until recently, the regulation of technology parks was fragmentary, but the situation has changed. Federal Law No. 488‑FZ of December 31, 2014 «On Industrial Policy» was supplemented with regulations as to technology parks in the high tech field. The use of methods of comparative legal and formal legal analysis revealed the positive aspects of the legislative novel; there was an attempt to regulate technology parks in the field of high technologies at the federal level. The definition of technology parks was given. Alongside with these disadvantages were also revealed: the possibility of creating such technology parks and obtaining support measures only if they meet the objectives of the Federal Law «On Industrial Policy»; lack of regulations governing the activities of technology park residents and measures to support them). The author concludes that it is necessary to adopt an independent federal regulatory legal act as to relations arising from the creation of technology parks in the field of digital innovations and technologies, the establishment of a stimulating legal regime for entrepreneurship in the field of digital innovations and technologies of their residents, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of technology parks. The structure and content of the draft regulatory legal act on technology parks in the field of digital innovations and technologies are proposed.
